Newton’s Laws of Motion

Newton’s Laws of Motion Concept Map

Use Math to Describe Motion

Use Math to Describe Motion Explain why objects move the way they do

Use Math to Describe Motion Explain why objects move the way they do EXAMPLE: Quarterbacks use the laws of motion when they throw a football

Use Math to Describe Motion Explain why objects move the way they do EXAMPLE: Quarterbacks use the laws of motion when they throw a football Predict where an object will go next

Use Math to Describe Motion Explain why objects move the way they do EXAMPLE: Quarterbacks use the laws of motion when they throw a football Predict where an object will go next EXAMPLE: NASA uses the laws of motion to predict the path the asteroids in our solar system will take

Use Math to Describe Motion Explain why objects move the way they do EXAMPLE: Quarterbacks use the laws of motion when they throw a football Determine how an object’s motion can be changed Predict where an object will go next EXAMPLE: NASA uses the laws of motion to predict the path the asteroids in our solar system will take

Use Math to Describe Motion Explain why objects move the way they do EXAMPLE: Quarterbacks use the laws of motion when they throw a football Determine how an object’s motion can be changed Predict where an object will go next EXAMPLE: NASA uses the laws of motion to predict the path the asteroids in our solar system will take EXAMPLE: Engineers use the laws of motion when designing the safety equipment in our cars

Use Math to Describe Motion Determine where objects started from and the path they took to reach their final location Explain why objects move the way they do EXAMPLE: Quarterbacks use the laws of motion when they throw a football Determine how an object’s motion can be changed Predict where an object will go next EXAMPLE: NASA uses the laws of motion to predict the path the asteroids in our solar system will take EXAMPLE: Engineers use the laws of motion when designing the safety equipment in our cars

Use Math to Describe Motion Determine where objects started from and the path they took to reach their final location Explain why objects move the way they do EXAMPLE: Forensic scientists use the laws of motion to trace the pathways of bullets while solving murders EXAMPLE: Quarterbacks use the laws of motion when they throw a football Determine how an object’s motion can be changed Predict where an object will go next EXAMPLE: NASA uses the laws of motion to predict the path the asteroids in our solar system will take EXAMPLE: Engineers use the laws of motion when designing the safety equipment in our cars

Wrap-Up #1 • Describe one real-life situation in which a person might use the laws of motion. Do not use any of the examples given already!

Newton’s Laws of Motion

Newton’s Laws of Motion 1st Law An object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon by unbalanced forces

Newton’s Laws of Motion Inertia: resistance to change in motion 1st Law

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 1st Law

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 1st Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 1st Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Forces

Wrap-Up #2 • For each of the following situations, determine if the forces are balanced or unbalanced: • A snow skier is speeding down a mountain, going faster and faster • A snow skier is being carried up the mountain by the lift. The lift moves at a constant speed.

Wrap-Up #2: Answers • For each of the following situations, determine if the forces are balanced or unbalanced: • A snow skier is speeding down a mountain, going faster and faster • Unbalanced – the skier is speeding up; acceleration requires unbalanced forces • A snow skier is being carried up the mountain by the lift. The lift moves at a constant speed. • Balanced – constant speed means no acceleration

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 1st Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Forces Common forces are present all around us Normal force Friction Gravity

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 2nd Law 1st Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Force is equal to the product of mass and acceleration Common forces are present all around us Normal force Friction Gravity

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 2nd Law 1st Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Bigger forces cause more acceleration Common forces are present all around us Normal force Friction Gravity

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 2nd Law 1st Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Bigger forces cause more acceleration Common forces are present all around us Normal force Friction Baseball- bunt it and it has low acceleration; really whack it and it has high acceleration Gravity

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 2nd Law 1st Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Common forces are present all around us Bigger forces cause more acceleration Normal force Friction Gravity Race car – barely push the pedal and it has low acceleration; stomp down and it has high acceleration Baseball- bunt it and it has low acceleration; really whack it and it has high acceleration

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 2nd Law 1st Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Different masses have different accelerations Common forces are present all around us Bigger forces cause more acceleration Normal force Friction Gravity Baseball- bunt it and it has low acceleration; really whack it and it has high acceleration Race car – barely push the pedal and it has low acceleration; stomp down and it has high acceleration

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 2nd Law 1st Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Different masses have different accelerations Common forces are present all around us Bigger forces cause more acceleration Normal force Friction When a bug hits a windshield it goes splat. The windshield doesn’t have much acceleration from the impact with the bug. Gravity Baseball- bunt it and it has low acceleration; really whack it and it has high acceleration Race car – barely push the pedal and it has low acceleration; stomp down and it has high acceleration

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Inertia: resistance to change in motion 3rd Law 1st Law 2nd Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Different masses have different accelerations Common forces are present all around us Bigger forces cause more acceleration Normal force Friction When a bug hits a windshield it goes splat. The windshield doesn’t have much acceleration from the impact with the bug. Gravity Baseball- bunt it and it has low acceleration; really whack it and it has high acceleration Race car – barely push the pedal and it has low acceleration; stomp down and it has high acceleration

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Force has direction, so opposite means it goes the other direction Inertia: resistance to change in motion 3rd Law 1st Law 2nd Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out Different masses have different accelerations Common forces are present all around us Bigger forces cause more acceleration Normal force Friction When a bug hits a windshield it goes splat. The windshield doesn’t have much acceleration from the impact with the bug. Gravity Baseball- bunt it and it has low acceleration; really whack it and it has high acceleration Race car – barely push the pedal and it has low acceleration; stomp down and it has high acceleration

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Force has direction, so opposite means it goes the other direction Inertia: resistance to change in motion 3rd Law 1st Law 2nd Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out The action and reaction forces are applied to different objects Different masses have different accelerations Common forces are present all around us Bigger forces cause more acceleration Normal force Friction When a bug hits a windshield it goes splat. The windshield doesn’t have much acceleration from the impact with the bug. Gravity Baseball- bunt it and it has low acceleration; really whack it and it has high acceleration Race car – barely push the pedal and it has low acceleration; stomp down and it has high acceleration

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Force has direction, so opposite means it goes the other direction Inertia: resistance to change in motion 3rd Law 1st Law 2nd Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out The action and reaction forces are applied to different objects Different masses have different accelerations Common forces are present all around us Bigger forces cause more acceleration Gravity A: Earth pulls you down R: you pull Earth up Normal force Friction When a bug hits a windshield it goes splat. The windshield doesn’t have much acceleration from the impact with the bug. Gravity Baseball- bunt it and it has low acceleration; really whack it and it has high acceleration Race car – barely push the pedal and it has low acceleration; stomp down and it has high acceleration

Newton’s Laws of Motion AKA: momentum p = m * v Force has direction, so opposite means it goes the other direction Inertia: resistance to change in motion 3rd Law 1st Law 2nd Law Forces are balanced when they cancel each other out Forces Forces are unbalanced when they do not cancel each other out The action and reaction forces are applied to different objects Different masses have different accelerations Common forces are present all around us Bigger forces cause more acceleration Space Ship A: ship pushes gas down R: gas pushes ship up Normal force Friction When a bug hits a windshield it goes splat. The windshield doesn’t have much acceleration from the impact with the bug. Gravity Baseball- bunt it and it has low acceleration; really whack it and it has high acceleration Race car – barely push the pedal and it has low acceleration; stomp down and it has high acceleration Gravity A: Earth pulls you down R: you pull Earth up

Wrap-Up #3 • Dave and Bob are pushing against each other. If the action force is Dave pushing Bob to the left, what is the reaction force?

Wrap-Up #3: Answer • Dave and Bob are pushing against each other. If the action force is Dave pushing Bob to the left, what is the reaction force? • Bob pushing Dave to the right

Newton’s Laws of Motion