“Challenge Kick-off” Gait and Knee Simulators

1. “Challenge Kick-off” Gait and Knee Simulators Gene Eckstein 11-21-03 MECH 1307 – BIOM 1710

2. http://www.ub.rug.nl/eldoc/dis/medicine/s.f.donker/thesis.pdfhttp://www.ub.rug.nl/eldoc/dis/medicine/s.f.donker/thesis.pdf

3. http://www.vanth.org/docs/BMES_001.pdf Paper by G. Birol, A.F. McKenna, H.D. Smith, T.D. Giorgio, S.P. Brophy

4. Challenge • Congratulations! You qualified for a final interview for an internship at Mechanical Joint Testers, Inc. You want to show your knowledge of gait and knee simulators, including your hope to contribute to their key product: the patient-pertinent gait-based Mech-Knee Simulator. You can expect to work in a two minute presentation that shows your joint-related knowledge.An inside source tells you that knee simulators are mechanical devices that test implantable prostheses for component wear and other performance-based measures. MJTI wants to mimic the walking patterns of real people more completely. Planned summer effort will focus on estimating and quantifying walking rates. Measurements of people taking long walks around an exercise track have been done to define their gaits.

5. Knee Simulator “A” http://www.endolab.de/Simulatoren/kniesimulator_e.htm

6. Knee Machine “B” http://www.amtiweb.com/images/Knee_Ful.JPG

7. Knee Machine “C” http://www.enduratec.com/product.cfm/pid/27

8. Kinematic Knee Simulator “D” http://www.mts.com/menusystem.asp?DataSource=0&NodeID=375

9. Generating ideas – As teams • What are major factors for wear? • What do you know about walking? • How does the knee affect walking? • How does patient condition affect walking? • What knowledge will the engineers have that is useful? Where did it come from? • What can we measure to determine frequency of loading?

10. Muscle Coordination in Locomotion

11. Contributing Muscles

12. body cog accelerates upward knee bends weight shift heel strike plantar flexion toe off 0

13. Gait: Dynamic Forces - Knee

14. Gait: Dynamic Forces - Hip Joint Reaction

15. Gait: Dynamic Forces - Hip Joint Reaction

16. Gait – A Statistical Study • http://www.stat.ohio-state.edu/~tjs/BOOTSTRAP/bootstrap.pdf

17. http://hebb.mit.edu/motorcontrol/papers/Grasso98.pdf

18. Useful engineering knowledge • Course-based • Statics and dynamics • Physics for engineers • Calculus (several courses) • Differential equations • Engineering computation • Engineering measurements • Physiology / biology / muscle mechanics • Standard sources: ASTM, Journals, Past measurements Key elements: Open attitude, willingness to work, curiosity, persistence

19. Tasks & Deliverables • Use the standard format for written reports to: • State the goal in your words and list resources. • Analyze Excel file data to extract some measurement of walking rate. (No unique answer is expected!) • Plot a graphical representation of the your analyzed data. Define all units and dimensions. • Explain what the graphical representation tells you about walking rate. Explain how the Knee Simulator might include walking rate as variable. • Prepare a 2-minute oral presentation for class. • Make assessments • Identify at least two different types of graphical representations for the gait data and which type of graph best describes the walking rate. • Identify three concepts during this exercise in which working in a team was helpful to you. • Critique – to cycle again • Identify three ways in which you have a better understanding of how engineers quantify real world events for product improvement. • What was difficult (or easy about this exercis? • How would you improve it.

20. Group anew • Each new group begins with the members’ past groups • Choose an action plan for next class (T) • Plan to practice your verbal responses at the next class • Elements of a two-minute presentation • Ask what parts of the class material to date will help you with the deliverables. • Discuss sources (reference library, journals, web)