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Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) Headline findings for Finland and Europe

Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) Headline findings for Finland and Europe. 1) Key findings for Finland and Europe 2) Areas of interest for Finland 3) MIPEX in context. What is MIPEX?. Bi-annual assessment of integration policy

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Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) Headline findings for Finland and Europe

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  1. Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) Headline findings for Finland and Europe

  2. 1) Key findings for Finland and Europe2) Areas of interest for Finland3) MIPEX in context

  3. What is MIPEX? • Bi-annual assessment of integration policy • In an enlarging number of key areas critical to migrant’s opportunities to integrate • In the enlarging European Union and ‘third’ countries of immigration • Benchmarked to the highest, newest European standards • The largest study of its kind examining 140 policy indicators • A wide community was consulted to construct the study, experts in 28 countries across Europe and Canada • Study is almost four times the size of the pilot in 2004 • From EU15 countries to 28 countries • From 80 indicators (specifics on policy) to 140 in this study

  4. 3) Key findings for Finland and EuropePolicies make or break a migrant’s opportunities to integrate and…Access the labour marketSettle with their familiesBecome a long term residentParticipate in democracyBecome nationalsBe protected from racism and discrimination

  5. EU halfway to ‘best practice’, FI ‘slightly favourable’ • Sweden • Portugal • Belgium • Netherlands • 5= Finland • Canada • 7 Italy • Norway • United Kingdom • Spain • EU-15 • 11= Slovenia • France • Luxembourg • 14= Germany • Ireland • EU-25 • Switzerland • 17= Hungary • Czech Republic • Estonia • Lithuania • 21= Poland • Denmark • EU-10 • Malta • 24= Slovakia • Greece • 26= Austria • Cyprus • 28 Latvia Overview - EU 6 • SE’s policies ‘favourable’ (best on every strand and 100% on access to labour market) • Most favourable results in Nordics (except DK), BENELUX (except LUX), Western Mediterranean, UK & CA • EU ‘best’ on allowing immigrants to become long-term residents • ‘Least favourable’ on access to nationality and political participation

  6. EU halfway to ‘best practice’, FI ‘slightly favourable’ • Sweden • Portugal • Belgium • Netherlands • 5= Finland • Canada • 7 Italy • Norway • United Kingdom • Spain • EU-15 • 11= Slovenia • France • Luxembourg • 14= Germany • Ireland • EU-25 • Switzerland • 17= Hungary • Czech Republic • Estonia • Lithuania • 21= Poland • Denmark • EU-10 • Malta • 24= Slovakia • Greece • 26= Austria • Cyprus • 28 Latvia Overview - EU - Finns 2nd most likely after SE to find diversity an enrichment to their national culture… *Eurobarometer 65.4 (2006) 7 • SE’s policies ‘favourable’ (best on every strand and 100% on access to labour market) • Most favourable results in Nordics (except DK), BENELUX (except LUX), Western Mediterranean, UK & CA • EU ‘best’ on allowing immigrants to become long-term residents • ‘Least favourable’ on access to nationality and political participation • FI ‘favourable’ on political participation, least favourable on nationality • Other strands ‘slightly favourable’

  7. More favourable for migrant residents with work than those looking for work… In FI, like most EU countries… If an employer wants you, can stay and access trade unions Best practice on security and rights But if you cannot or do not find work, only halfway there Certain restrictions on access to employment, self-employment and training Access the labour market - FI, DK, SE least supportive* of EU-27 of expelling migrants who become unemployed… *Eurobarometer 59.2 (2003) 8

  8. Families have equal rights as their sponsor, but countries diverge on who is eligible Settle with their families • In FI,like most EU countries… • Few tests, but other restrictive conditions, e.g. must have a job or sufficient financial support • But then, most family members have equal access as their sponsor to take up jobs or further their education

  9. Families have equal rights as their sponsor, but countries diverge on who is eligible Settle with their families • In FI,like most EU countries… • Few tests, but other restrictive conditions, e.g. must have a job or sufficient financial support • But then, most family members have equal access as their sponsor to take up jobs or further their education • But also in FI… • New procedural time limits • Equal access as sponsors, but autonomous residence permits only for spouses - Over 2/3* of Finns support right to family reunion… *Eurobarometer 59.2 (2003)

  10. Policies worst score for EU, unfavourable for EU-10 Participate in democracy • Divergences between most EU countries… • Big split on whether to grant migrants the right to vote and stand in local elections • ... or consult migrants on issues that matter to them • 6 Eastern European countries deny full political liberties

  11. Policies worst score for EU, unfavourable for EU-10 Participate in democracy • Divergences between most EU countries… • Big split on whether to grant migrants the right to vote and stand in local elections • ... or consult migrants on issues that matter to them • 6 Eastern European countries deny full political liberties • In FI... • Best practice on political liberties and electoral rights • Structural consultations (but Helsinki?), reps not freely elected

  12. Europe best promotes integration by allowing migrants to be long-term residents… Becoming a Long-term resident • In FI,like most countries… • Migrants wait no more than 5 years to become long-term residents • Gain equal rights as nationals to employment, social security, healthcare, etc. • But again must prove that they have sufficient financial resources (sometimes a job)

  13. Europe best promotes integration by allowing migrants to be long-term residents… Becoming a Long-term resident • In FI,like most countries… • Migrants wait no more than 5 years to become long-term residents • Gain equal rights as nationals to employment, social security, healthcare, etc. • But again must prove that they have sufficient financial resources (sometimes a job) • But also in FI… • 3rd most favourable security • ‘Halfway’ rights, 21st, due to recognition of skills procedures and free movement rights

  14. …but scores worst on promoting integration by allowing them to become nationals Becoming a national • In FI,like most countries… • Long waiting periods for migrants to naturalise • Little facilitation for European-born children and grandchildren • Applications rejected on many grounds and nationality withdrawn

  15. …but scores worst on promoting integration by allowing them to become nationals Becoming a national • In FI,like most countries… • Long waiting periods for migrants to naturalise • Little facilitation for European-born children and grandchildren • Applications rejected on many grounds and nationality withdrawn • But also in FI… • 3rd best security • Time limit of 5 years (SE) - Only 1/3* of Finns support facilitated naturalisation… *Eurobarometer 59.2 (2003)

  16. Fighting discrimination on paper, in practice? Be protected from racism and discrimination • In FI,like most countries… • Protection against ethnic discrimination across Europe • Best practice withethnic, religious, and nationality discrimination punished in all areas of life (PT, SE, UK) • Big gaps on enforcement: cases drag on over a year, limited role for NGOs • States inactive on promoting equality in their work • Active state (info & dialogue), but limited legal standing and powers of Ombudsmen - 2/3* think more action needed - Some of most informed on law (SE, NL, UK) - Most informed on rights as victim *Eurobarometer 65.4 (2006)

  17. 2) Areas of interest for Finland

  18. Areas of Interest for Finland • - Eligibility to access the labour market • (SE, EE) • Rights associated with long-term residence • (NO, PT) • Facilitated access to nationality for Finnish-born 2nd and 3rd generation • (BE, CA, FR, PT) • Conditions for naturalisation • (SE, PT) • Standing and powers of equality bodies • (CA, SE, UK, NL) 19

  19. 3) MIPEX in context

  20. A community of stakeholders who are supported by the European Commission Under INTI – Preparatory Actions for the Integration of Third-Country Nationals The Managing Partners:. The Scientific Partners were involved in designing the content of the index: 2 European-wide research partners (University of Sheffield & Université Libre de Bruxelles) 5-person Scientific Advisory Committee (J. Arango, R. Bauböck, V. Guiraudon, G. Kolanciewicz, M. Martiniello) 28 national correspondents and 28 peer reviewers And 21 national partners in 19 countries help us set up the debates in each country: Who is MIPEX?

  21. Slovakia Ireland Slovakia Eligibility for sponsor’s spouse & registered partner Research process 1) Score country on 140 policy indicators ( 28 National correspondents) 2) Peer review the scores (2nd independent expert) • Resolve any differences (both with MPG research team) • …Meanwhile, collect contextual data (research partners) * EC Directive on the right to family reunification, Ch. 11, Art 4.1(a), ILPA/MPG Proposed Directive on Family Reunion, Ch.II, Art. 6.1, ** EC Directive on the right to family reunification, Ch.II, 4.3 *** EC Directive on the right to family reunification, Ch.II, Art.4,5 Both. No conditions apply* 1 FAMILY REUNION 3 2 Age limits and/or Other conditions apply*** Spouse only**

  22. Upcoming events are mostly focused on encouraging and bringing facts to local and EU/Canadian debates 15 October: Brussels press conference 16 October: Lisbon launch 17 October: London launch 21 November: EU debate: European Policy Centre conference October 07 – 25 events in 21 countries, e.g. debates at National Parliaments March 08: Amsterdam, Athens, Barcelona, Berlin, Brussels, Budapest, Dublin, Helsinki, Ljubljana, Luxembourg, Madrid, Neuchâtel, Oslo, Ottawa, Prague, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna, Warsaw March 2008: Concluding Paris launch and review, with national partners

  23. www.integrationindex.euSee the overall resultsExplore profiles for your country and for 27 others Thank you for your attention.

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