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Opening Activity:

Opening Activity:. What is one way bacteria influences our life?. Food poisoning Bacterial Infection Acne Cavities Body Odor Antibiotics Break down food in our digestive system. Intro To Bacteria. Basic Bacteria Facts :. Microscopic/unicellular Prokaryotic

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Opening Activity:

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  1. Opening Activity: What is one way bacteria influences our life?

  2. Food poisoning Bacterial Infection Acne Cavities Body Odor Antibiotics Break down food in our digestive system

  3. Intro To Bacteria

  4. Basic Bacteria Facts: • Microscopic/unicellular • Prokaryotic • Most numerous and ancient organisms on Earth.

  5. Classification of Bacteria: Kingdom Archaebacteria: • More ancient than eubacteria • Peptidoglycan absent in cell walls • First discovered in extreme environments

  6. Methanogens live only in anaerobic conditions like swamps and sewage. Halophiles salt-loving Thermoacidophiles live in acidic and high temp. environments like hot springs and volcanic vents. Major Bacteria Phyla: Archaebacteria

  7. Classifications of Bacteria: Kingdom Eubacteria: • Germs; account for most bacteria • Can be divided into 12 phyla • Cell walls contain peptidoglycan Shapes of Eubacteria: 1. bacilli rod-shaped 2. cocci sphere-shaped *streptococcichain *staphylococcigrape-like clusters 3. Spirilla spiral-shaped

  8. cocci

  9. spirilla

  10. bacillia

  11. Eubacteria shapes cont. streptococcichain staphylococcigrape-like clusters

  12. Cyanobacteria (ex. blue-green algae) Spirochetes (ex. T. pallidum; causes syphilis) Gram-positive bacteria (ex. Bacteria that cause strep; change milk to yogurt; produce antibiotics) Proteobacteria (ex. E. coli; nitrogen-fixing bacteria) Major Bacteria Phyla: Eubacteria

  13. Gram Stain: • Laboratory technique used to group Eubacteria into two categories. • Gram-positive eubacteria appear purple because of thicker layer of peptidoglycan. • Gram-negative eubacteria appear pink because of thinner layer of peptidoglycan.

  14. Is this gram stain positive or negative? Identify the bacteria.

  15. Is this gram stain positive or negative? Identify the bacteria.

  16. Bacteria and Disease: • Pathology: scientific study of disease • Pathogens: bacteria that cause disease

  17. C. Famous Bacterial Diseases:

  18. Famous Bacteria Diseases Lyme Disease Tetanus

  19. Famous Bacteria Diseases Botulism Tooth Decay

  20. Famous Bacteria Diseases Gonorhea Tuberculosis

  21. Famous Bacteria Diseases Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Cholera

  22. D. Ways Bacteria Cause Disease: • Produce exotoxins (toxins made of protein and produced by Gram-positive bacteria). • Produce endotoxins (toxins made of carbohydrates and lipids and produced by Gram-negative bacteria; released when bacteria die). • Destroy body tissues by secreting digestive enzymes.

  23. Opening Activity: • What is the name for spiral shaped bacteria? • Cocci • Bacilli • Sprilla • Sphere shaped bacteria

  24. Antibiotics: • Drugs that combat bacteria by interfering with cellular functions. • Because humans overuse antibiotics, bacteria have built a resistance to those antibiotics. This is done through bacteria reproduction AND genetic recombination.

  25. Common Antibiotics

  26. Useful Bacteria: • Bacteria are used in… • Sewage treatment • Producing and processing foods • Industrial chemical production

  27. Opening Activity Toxins that are produced by gram negative bacteria and are released when the bacteria die are known as… A. Exotoxins B. Endotoxins

  28. Common Structures/Functions of Bacteria:

  29. Feeding in Bacteria:

  30. Bacteria in the Environment:

  31. Reproduction in Bacteria: • Use ASEXUAL reproduction by binary fission. • NO true sexual reproduction in bacteria • Use a nonreproductive method called genetic recombination to mix genetic material, obtain NEW DNA, and make newer/adapted offspring.

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