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Polar Bonds and Molecules (8.4) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Polar Bonds and Molecules (8.4). Bond Polarity Bond polarity has to do with unequal distribution of shared electrons This causes one end of the bond to have a “partial positive” ( δ + ) charge and the other to have a “partial negative” ( δ - )charge
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Polar Bonds and Molecules (8.4)
- Bond Polarity
- Bond polarity has to do with unequal distribution of shared electrons
- This causes one end of the bond to have a “partial positive” (δ+) charge and the other to have a “partial negative” (δ-)charge
- These types of bonds are called polar covalent bonds and are said to possess a dipole moment
What causes bond polarity?
- A polar bond results from a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms
- The greater the difference, the more polar the bond is
- The degree of polarity depends upon the difference in electronegativity
Effect of Bond Polarity on Molecules
- Polar bonds may result in polar molecules
- Bond character (nonpolar, polar, ionic) affects
- How molecules interact with one another
- Physical properties of substances
Polarity of Molecules
- A molecule as a whole has a dipole depending upon
- The presence of polar bond(s)
- The geometry of a molecule
- Examples:
- CH4
- CO2
- H2O
