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T e rminology

E Y. T e rminology. The “Building” Of a Word. Medical Terminology builds words by combining a prefix or a suffix with a root word By understanding the action of the prefix or the suffix and the definition of the root word you will be able to be able to understand the meaning of the word.

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T e rminology

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  1. E Y Terminology

  2. The “Building” Of a Word • Medical Terminology builds words by combining a prefix or a suffix with a root word • By understanding the action of the prefix or the suffix and the definition of the root word you will be able to be able to understand the meaning of the word

  3. Prefixes • A-“the absence of” or “without” (e.g. aphakia –without a lens) • Auto- “without aid” (e.g. auto-refractor –a device which measures refractive error with little human assistance.) • Anti- “against” (e.g. antibiotic –a drug that works against bacteria.) • Bi –”two or double” (e.g. bifocal –having 2 focal lengths.) • Hyper –”beyond” or “over” (e.g. hyperopic –farsighted, able to see in the distance but not at near.) • Intra- “inside” (e.g. intraocular – inside of the eye.) • Kera –”of the cornea” (e.g. keratome –a surgical knife used on the cornea.) • Micro- “small” (e.g. microscope – device used to view small objects.) • Mono- “single” or “one” (e.g. monocular –pertaining to only one eye.) • Opto- “dealing with lenses or images” (Optometry –measurement of the eyes optical system.) • Refract- “to bend light” (refraction –the measurement of a persons degree of nearsightedness or farsightedness.)

  4. Suffixes • -ectomy: “to remove” (e.g. keratectomy- to remove corneal tissue.) • -focal: “dealing with the length of focus” (e.g. bifocal- two focal points.) • -itis: “inflammation” (blepharitis –inflammation of the eyelids.) • -meter or –metry: “measure” (e.g. lensometer- device used to measure the power of a lens.) • -opia: “of the eye” (e.g. hyperopia- farsightedness.) • -otomy: “a cut” or “incision” (e.g. keratotomy- to make incisions in the cornea.) • -phakia: “of the lens” (e.g. pseudophakia- having an implanted lens) • -plasty: “to reshape” (keratoplasty- reshaping the corneal curvature.) • -scope or –scopy: “view” (e.g. microscope- a device used to view small objects.) • -tome: “knife” (e.g. keratome- surgical knife for the cornea.)

  5. Abbreviations & Acronyms • AK –Astigmatic Keratotomy • CK –Conductive Keratoplasty • RK –Radial Keratotomy • LASEK –LASer Epithelial Keratectomy • LASIK –LASer In-situ Keratomileusis • LASER- Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation • LTK- Laser Thermal Keratoplasty • PRK- PhotoRefractive Keratectomy • OD –Oculus Dexter (latin –right eye) • OS –Oculus Sinister (latin –left eye) • OU –Oculi Uterque (latin –both eyes) • PTK-PhotoTherapeutic Keratectomy

  6. Laser Vision Correction Glossary of Terms Ablation– removal of tissue that occurs with the excimer laser for correcting refractive errors. Accommodation– the change in the curvature of the lens that helps to focus images of objects close to the eye. Loss of accommodation is called presbyopia. Acuity - clearness, as in visual acuity. The most common measure of visual acuity is the Snellen acuity chart. Normal acuity being 20/20. Astigmatism - the refractive error of an eye whose corneal surface curvature is greater in one meridian than another. Cycloplegic (Wet) refraction – refractometry performed with use of a drug that temporarily paralyzes the ciliary muscle, thus blocking accommodation. Diopter - a unit of measure of the refractive power if a lens. Emmetropia - refractive condition in which no refractive error is present and distant images are focused sharply on the retina with no need for corrective lenses. Manifest (Dry) Refraction - an examination of the eye to determine refractive error while the natural crystalline lens is able to accommodate.

  7. Laser Vision Correction Glossary of Terms Manifest (Dry) Refraction - an examination of the eye to determine refractive error while the natural crystalline lens is able to accommodate. Micron - a unit of length equal to one-millionth of a meter. Monovision - a technique to limit the effects of presbyopia by correcting one eye for near vision and the other for far vision. Optical Zone - the area of the eye through which light passes to the retina. Pachymetry - a procedure used to measure the thickness of the cornea. Phoropter - an optical instrument containing many lenses which is used to determine the required power of glasses or refractive error. Plano - no refractive error.  Normal vision.  A diopter of 0. Presbyopia – the progressive loss of the accommodative ability of the lens; due to the natural process of aging. Refraction – in eye care, the process of measuring a patients refractive error. Refractive Error - the degree to which images received by the eyes are not focused on the retina.

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