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Basic Caching Terminology

Certain terms that are most frequently used with regard to caching are origin server, cache hit ratio, freshness, stale content, validation and invalidation.

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Basic Caching Terminology

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  1. Basic Caching Terminology

  2. Table of Contents • Caching • Websites • Web Caching • Benefits of Web Caching • Caching Terminology • Origin Server • Cache Hit Ratio • Freshness • Stale Content • Validation • Invalidation

  3. Caching • Caching refers to the process of storing files’ copies in a cache, which is a temporary storage location, for the purpose of making these quickly accessible. • In the context of websites, their HTML files, images and JavaScript are cached by web browsers for loading websites swiftly. Examples of other types of caching include DNS (Domain Name System) servers that cache DNS records to ensure faster lookups and CDN (Content Delivery Network) servers that cache content to achieve reduced latency.

  4. Websites YELLOW • Prior to delving into web caching and the terms that are most commonly used in it, it is important to understand briefly about websites and how these are made accessible. • A website, which can be identified by a common domain name, is a collection of related web pages and content. It is located under a single domain name. All the websites that can be accessed publicly over the Internet, collectively form the World Wide Web (www). A website’s content usually focusses on a specific topic or purpose. • Every website’s files are stored on and delivered from a web server. Web servers are made available through the service of web hosting, which can be of many types, and is provided by web hosting companies. The most efficient web hosting companies usually get referred to as the “Best Windows Hosting Company” or as the “Best WordPress Hosting in 2021 ” or as the “Top Cloud Hosting Company”.

  5. Web Caching • Web caching is the process of temporarily storing Web documents that include Web pages and various types of Web multimedia in order to decrease server lag. Copies of documents that pass through a Web cache system, which can be an appliance or a computer program, are stored by it. In the event that certain conditions are met, subsequent requests may be fulfilled from the cache. This helps to prevent the origin server from getting overloaded. • Web caching increases page delivery speed substantially along with reducing the work of the backend server. Moreover, it assures protection against total outages. It can deliver content that had been cached, in the event that servers are down.

  6. Benefits of Web Caching YELLOW Both, content providers and content consumers, reap the benefits of web caching. Its major benefits with regard to content delivery are mentioned below. • Enhanced responsiveness • Content availability despite network interruptions • Reduced network costs • Enhanced performance with the same hardware

  7. 1-800-123 -8156 Whoa! That’s a big number, aren’t you proud?

  8. Caching Terminology Caching might usually involve such terms that might be unfamiliar to many. Some of the most common terms that get used in caching are origin server, cache hit ratio, freshness, stale content, validation and invalidation. More detailed information will be provided on these terms in the following slides.

  9. Origin Server YELLOW • The original location of the Web content is the origin server. It is controlled by the Web server administrator. It processes as well as responds to Internet clients’ incoming Internet requests. Moreover, it sets all the contents’ caching policy. The physical distance that exists between an origin server and the client that makes a request, results in the connection’s latency. This leads to an increase in the time that is required by a webpage to be loaded.

  10. Cache Hit Ratio YELLOW • A cache hit ratio, which is usually referred to as the hit rate, measures a cache’s effectiveness. This is a ratio of the number of requests that can be retrieved from a cache to the total number of requests that are made. The higher the cache hit ratio, the higher the percentage of the content that has been retrieved from the cache.

  11. Freshness YELLOW • Freshness denotes whether an item that is within a cache can still be considered for serving to a specific client. If the content in a cache is within the time frame that equates to freshness, as per the caching policy, then it will be used to respond.

  12. Stale Content YELLOW • Stale content refers to expired content, which cannot be used for responding to client request. The cache freshness settings that depend on the caching policy determine the expiration of items in the cache. New content can be retrieved by recontacting the origin server.

  13. Validation YELLOW • Validation refers to the process of ascertaining with the origin server if the cached content represents the latest version of the item. The stale items that exist in the cache can be validated for the purpose of refreshing their expiration time.

  14. Invalidation YELLOW • When content is removed from the cache prior to its specified expiration date, this process is known as invalidation. This is required in the event that an item changes on the origin server and the presence of such an outdated item in the cache can result in problems for the client.

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