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Ch. 5 Notes Part Two: Respiration

Ch. 5 Notes Part Two: Respiration. By: Brianna Shields October 19, 2005. DO NOW. 1. What is another name for stage one of photosynthesis? 2. In what organelle in the plant cell does photosynthesis take place?

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Ch. 5 Notes Part Two: Respiration

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  1. Ch. 5 NotesPart Two: Respiration By: Brianna Shields October 19, 2005

  2. DO NOW • 1. What is another name for stage one of photosynthesis? • 2. In what organelle in the plant cell does photosynthesis take place? • 3. In what part of the photosynthetic organelle does stage one of photosynthesis take place?

  3. GOAL • Summarize how glucose is broken down in the first stage of cellular respiration • Describe how ATP is mad in the second stage of cellular respiration • Identify the role of fermentation in the second stage of cellular respiration • Evaluate the importance of oxygen in aerobic respiration

  4. Review- Create a flow chart to review the steps in photosynthesis

  5. Respiration Harvests the energy in organic compounds (glucose) C6H12O6 + 6O2 ----- 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP Occurs in eukaryotic mitochondria Occurs in prokaryotic cell membranes Cellular Respiration

  6. Aerobic Respiration Requires oxygen to transfer the energy in glucose to ATP Cellular Respiration

  7. Anaerobic Respiration Does not require oxygen to transfer the energy in glucose to ATP Cellular Respiration

  8. Cellular Respiration STAGE ONE-Breakdown of glucose (glycolysis) A. Phosphate groups from 2 ATP’s transferred to a glucose B. 6C glucose broken into two 3C compounds Cellular Respiration

  9. Cellular Respiration STAGE ONE C. 2 NADH’s made, one more phosphate group added to each 3 C cpd D. 3C cpds converted to 3C pyruvates E. Uses up 2 ATP’s but makes 4 ATP’s Cellular Respiration

  10. Click here to watch a glycolysis animation: http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/biomi290/ASM/glycolysis.dcr

  11. Cellular Respiration STAGE TWO- ATP production A. Pyruvate enters mitochondria B. Pyruvate converted to 2C cpd C. Produces a CO2, an NADH, a 2C acetyl CoA Cellular Respiration

  12. Cellular Respiration STAGE TWO- ATP production D. Kreb’s Cycle 1. Acetyl CoA + 4C cpd equal 6C cpd, enzyme A released 2. CO2 released from 6C cpd, making a 5C cpd Cellular Respiration

  13. Cellular Respiration STAGE TWO- ATP production D. Kreb’s Cycle 3. NAD+ accepts e- to make NADH 4. CO2 released from 5C cpd, making a 4C cpd Cellular Respiration

  14. Cellular Respiration STAGE TWO- ATP production D. Kreb’s Cycle 5. 1 ATP and 1 NADH made 6. 4 C cpd converted 7. E- transferred to FAD to make FADH2 (electron carrier) Cellular Respiration

  15. Cellular Respiration STAGE TWO- ATP production D. Kreb’s Cycle 8. 4C cpd converted to original one starting cycle 9. Another NADH made 10. NADH and FADH2 contain energy from glucose Cellular Respiration

  16. CLICK HERE TO WATCH AN ANIMATION OF THE KREB’S CYCLE (CITRIC ACID CYCLE): http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/tca/tca.htm

  17. Cellular Respiration E. Electron Transport Chain 1. E- donated by NADH and FADH2 pass through chain in inner mitochondrial membranes 2. H+ pumped into outer mitochondrial membrane and diffuse back in Cellular Respiration

  18. Cellular Respiration E. Electron Transport Chain 3. Phosphate group added to ADP to make ATP Cellular Respiration

  19. VISIT THE WEBSITE LINKED BELOW TO VIEW A VIDEO CLIP ABOUT THE MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN: http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/chapter9/animations.html

  20. Cellular Respiration F. Breakdown of glucose Uses 6 O2 Produces 6CO2, 6H2O, ATP Cellular Respiration

  21. Assessment One • Create a graphic organizer of the reactants and products in each step of cellular respiration

  22. Assessment Two • Create a visual representation of cellular respiration in your notebook. Draw a picture of the cellular organelle in which respiration takes place. Label the picture with a flow chart with each step of the process.

  23. Fermentation A. Occurs when oxygen is not available B. Recycles NAD+ as an organic hydrogen acceptor instead Cellular Respiration

  24. Lactic Acid Fermentation A. By some prokaryotes and fungi B. Used in yogurt and cheese production C. Pyruvate converted to lactate Cellular Respiration

  25. Lactic Acid Fermentation D. Happens in muscle cells depleted of oxygen ATP still produced, as long as there’s glucose Blood removes lactate buildup, muscle soreness results Cellular Respiration

  26. Alcoholic Fermentation A. Pyruvate broken down to ethanol B. Releases CO2 C. ATP still produced without oxygen present Cellular Respiration

  27. Alcoholic Fermentation D. Carried out by yeast to make wine and beer E. Causes yeast to release CO2 to make bread rise, carbonate alcohol Cellular Respiration

  28. CLICK HERE TO WATCH A FERMENTATION ANIMATION http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/Courses/biomi290/MOVIES/GLYCOLYSIS.HTML

  29. How efficient is fermentation at ATP production? A. Use of oxygen to make ATP much more efficient Glycolysis - 2ATP W/ oxygen, Kreb’s cycle & e- transport chain - 36 ATP W/out oxygen, fermentation creates much fewer ATP Cellular Respiration

  30. CLICK HERE TO VISIT AN INTERACTIVE ABOUT CELLULAR RESPIRATION: http://www.sp.uconn.edu/~terry/Common/respiration.html

  31. Assessment Three • List the products of glycolysis. What is the role of each of these products in cellular respiration? • Summarize the roles of the Kreb’s cycle and the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration • Describe the role of fermentation in the second stage of cellular respiration • Explain why cellular respiration is more efficient when oxygen is present in cells • When oxygen is present, most of the ATP made in cellular respiration is produced by a. Aerobic respiration, B. Glycolysis, C. Alcoholic Fermentation or D. Lactic Acid Fermentation

  32. Assessment Four • Complete Chapter 5 review questions from p. 13, 17, 21, 22 and 23. • Due next block.

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