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Arthropod phylogeny & Insect Evolution

Arthropod phylogeny & Insect Evolution. Objectives:. Identify characteristics of the Arthropoda Discuss Arthropod Phylogeny Characteristics of major taxa Discuss Insect Evolution. Arthropoda. Arthro- Refers to Joints Poda- Refers to feet. Arthropoda. Characteristics

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Arthropod phylogeny & Insect Evolution

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  1. Arthropod phylogeny & Insect Evolution

  2. Objectives: Identify characteristics of the Arthropoda Discuss Arthropod Phylogeny Characteristics of major taxa Discuss Insect Evolution

  3. Arthropoda Arthro- Refers to Joints Poda- Refers to feet

  4. Arthropoda Characteristics • Paired, jointed appendages • Segmented body plan • Land forms have tracheae or book lungs, • Aquatic forms have gills

  5. Arthropoda Characteristics • Compound eyes • Open circulatory system • Digestive system is a tube • Nervous system with brain, paired ventral nerve cords

  6. Arthropoda • Exoskeleton is molted

  7. Arthropoda

  8. Arthropoda • Evolved from Annelida

  9. Ecdysozoans

  10. Arthropoda Phylogeny • Many hypotheses exist • Molecular data suggest:

  11. Arthropoda Classification Chelicerata Mandibulata Hexapoda = antennae

  12. Arthropoda Classification • Chelicerae = feeding appendages = fangs in spiders

  13. Arthropoda Classification 1. Chelicerata Classes: Merostomata - horseshoe crabs Arachnida - spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites

  14. Arthropoda Classification Chelicerata • Mainly terrestrial • Body Divisions - Cephalothorax, abdomen • No antennae • No chewing mandibles

  15. Arthropoda Classification Chelicerata • First and second pair of appendages - chelicerae, pedipalps used for manipulation of food, locomotion, defense, copulation • Next four pair of appendages - walking

  16. Arthropoda Classification Crustacea • Aquatic • Body divisions - cephalothorax and abdomen • Gills • 2 pairs antennae - touch and taste • Biramous appendages - two jointed branches arising from their base

  17. - biramous appendages

  18. Arthropoda Classification Crustacea • Mandibles and maxillae used for feeding • Chelipeds on lobsters and crayfish - pinching claws • Larval stage • Green glands

  19. Arthropoda Classification Hexapoda Class: Insecta - insects

  20. Arthropoda Classification Insecta characteristics Terrestrial and some aquatic Body plan - Head, thorax, abdomen Uniramous 1 pair antennae 3 pairs legs on thorax Malpighian tubules

  21. Insect Evolution • Four stages of insect evolution: • Development of insect body form • Development of wings • Development of wing flexion • Development of complete metamorphosis

  22. Orders: Ephemeroptera = ?

  23. Odonata = ?

  24. Plecoptera

  25. Megaloptera

  26. Coleoptera

  27. Lepidoptera

  28. Diptera

  29. Hemiptera

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