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PLANTE TOXICA CULTIVATE

PLANTE TOXICA CULTIVATE. Atropa belladonna l . – matraguna – fam. Solanaceae. Compozitie chimica : alcaloizi tropanici (0.2-9 %) - hiosciamina → uscare si extractie →atropina - beladonina, scopolamina - alcaloizi pirolici si pirolidinici. Atropa belladonna L. Intoxicatia :

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PLANTE TOXICA CULTIVATE

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  1. PLANTE TOXICA CULTIVATE

  2. Atropa belladonnal . – matraguna – fam. Solanaceae Compozitie chimica: alcaloizi tropanici (0.2-9 %) - hiosciamina → uscare si extractie →atropina - beladonina, scopolamina - alcaloizi pirolici si pirolidinici

  3. Atropa belladonna L . • Intoxicatia: - asemanarea speciei cu alte specii (bace, radacina, frunze) - 2-3 bace = intoxicatie copii -10 bace = moarte adult • 1 baca = 2 mg atropina • Debut intoxicatie: - greata, voma, fenomene neuro-vegetative (110-120 batai/ min – tahicardie), uscaciunea mucoaselor, dispnee, midriaza, orbire trecatoare SNC – anxietate, vertij, psihoza Delirul ‘atropinic’= stari de euforie/ furie ; viziuni stranii -Fct de cant = coma convulsiva → coma calma→ depresie generala→ moarte • Masuri: - evacuarea rapida a toxicului, spitalizare

  4. Rheum sp.- revent – fam. polygonaceae Compozitie chimica: - Reantracenozide si agliconii lor (fisciona, crizofanol Taninuri (galice + catehi ce) Utilizare: timp indelungat → tulburari intestinale, congestie in micul bazin Specie bogata in Ca(C2O4).(H2O) = dermatite Ingerare de frunze bogate in Ca(C2O4).(H2O) = moarte Intoxicatia: diaree - intoxicatii intestinale - iritatie renala, hematirie Aparitie de fenomene estrogene.

  5. Convallaria majalis– lăcrămioare – fam. Liliaceae Comp. chimica: glicozide cardiotonice (convallatoxina, convallatoxolozida ) 0.2 -0.4 % in frunza; 0.5% in flori si seminte nu se gasesc in pulpa fructului saponine sterolice (convalarina) = iritanta, purgativa Intoxicatia: bace, rizomi, frunze; primele semne dupa 15 bace ( la copii): tulb digestive (greata, voma) - tulb cardiace (aritmie) - spasme musculare, vertij

  6. Digitalis purpurea-degeţel roşu– fam. Scrophulariaceae Comp. chimica: glicozide cardiotonice (digitoxina, gitoxina, gitalina) - saponine sterolice (digitonina, gitonina, tigonina)

  7. Digitalis purpurea • Intoxicatii: - confuzii cu alte specii asemanatoare - tulburari digestive (voma, diaree)→ neuro-senzoriale (somnolenta, concentrare dificila) → vizuale (halou colorat in galben) • manifestari cardiace specifice (bradicardie, tulb de automatism ) O fr cont 1.6 – 4.6 mg heterozide = D toxic • Tratament: - eliminarea toxicului - administrarea de carbune activ - adm atropina/fenitoina

  8. Digitalis lanata-degeţel lanos– fam. Scrophulariaceae Comp. chimica: glicozide cardiotonice (primare si secundare) - saponine sterolice (tigonozida) Intoxicatia: - Simptomatologie identica cu D. purpureae

  9. SolanumlaciniatumAit.-zarnapasarilor– fam. solanaceae Comp. chimica: glicoalcaloizi sterolici (solasonina) saponine sterolice (diosgenina) Utilizare in scop medicinal: solasodina→hormoni steroidici Intoxicatii: similare la S. dulcamara

  10. Daturainnoxia Mill. –laurparos– fam. Solanaceae Comp. chimica: alcaloizi tropanici (scopolamina, hiosciamina) - cont ↑ fructe si seminte Intoxicatie: - dupa 10-20 min: uscaciunea gurii, tulb vizuale, tulb de comportament, midriaza, tahicatdie, halucinatii vizuale si auditive - somnolenta, coma - fct de cant starile pot dura si 4 zile DL scopolamina = 2-4 mg pt adult 30-50 seminte = halucinatii vizuale

  11. Va multumesc!

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