Future challenges and research gaps Example of urban areas Alternative water resources

1. Future challenges and research gaps Example of urban areas Alternative water resources Céline Hervé-Bazin WssTP

2. What is the WssTP? The Water supply and sanitation Technology Platform, the WssTP, is a European collaboration between Industry, Research groups, Policy makers and Waterusers. We are a European Technology Platform initiated in 2004 (Lisbon Agenda) We worked as a NGO since 2007. It gave a legal structure to our network. 51 members, 142 contributing organisation, 450 persons… from 28 countries

3. Main scientific contribution... • Vision document in 2005. • Strategic Research Agenda in 2006, update in progress. • Implementation document in 2007. • Five Reports in 2008, scientific publication in 2009: • Managing rain events and flooding in urban areas • Asset Management for sustainable urban water • Supply Demand Balance & Public Participation • Alternative water resources • Sustainable Sludge Management in Urban Areas • Six new reports planned for 2009: • Managed Aquifer Recharge • Climate Change • Costal Zones • Sensors & Monitoring • Irrigation • Water reuse

4. 4 Global challenges 1/ Increasing water stress and water costs Quality and quantity issue 2/ Increasing urbanisation Maintain water infrastructures & manage water demand 3/ Extreme climatic events Flood; drought; scarcity 4/ Many rural and under-developed areas Easy, reliable and affordable technologies

5. How to link global challenges with network activities and our mission to deliver vision and recommendations?

6. Pilot programmes Organised in 6 pilot programmes on challenging topics: • Mitigation of water stress in coastal zones • Urban areas • Sustainable management of agriculture • Sustainable use of water in industry • Reclamation of degraded zones • Hydro climatic event

7. How does it work?

8. Sustainable water management inside and around large urban areas Increasing urbanisation: More than 50% of the population will live in urban areas. & Different issues related to size. Flood and Rainfall management  PREPARED Asset Management Balancing water demand with environment includes alternative water resources Sludge, waste water and energy Water treatment Sensors Pollution control Led by M. Farrimond, UKWIR

9. ExampleSub-Group: Alternative water resourcesOther resources than the traditional underground and surface water

10. Water scarcity: a global issue • Demography • today 6.7 billions people, about 10 billions 2050 • Urbanisation (50% now, 80% in 2030) • Spacial and temporal pressure (coastal cities, tourism) • Wealth increase • Agriculture: 70% water requirement • Industrialisation: 24% water requirement • Energy: >50% water abstraction for energy (F, B, DE, etc) • MGD: Reduce by half non-access to potable water by 2015 • Climate change • More extreme events • Regions with less precipitation • World water needs • By 2025: 200 km3 storage capacity required • By 2050: 3 billions people suffering from water scarcity

11. Water scarcity and drought in Europe February 2008: EU Report ‘Water Scarcity and Drought’ • Water stress: affect 130 millions inhabitants(30% of population in Europe) • Southern Europe • Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, UK • Increased droughts in past 30 years, impacting 100 millions inhabitants (20%) in 4 events since 1989 • Over past 30 years: €100 billion cost to EU economy(€8.7 billion in 2003) March 2008: EU Report ‘Climate change & international security’ • Wikipedia: “Water scarcity” redirected to “Water politics and water related conflicts” March 2009: EEA Report ‘Water resources across Europe — confronting water scarcity and drought’

12. Responses to water scarcity Water scarcity = disparity between supply and demand = increasing competition on resources • Demand management (increase productivity) • Advanced irrigation methods • Water saving device • Reduce non revenue water • Public education, incentives • Allocation (phase out uses) … equity? • Agriculture • Industry • Domestic • Ecosystems and biodiversity • Supply management (alternative water resources)

13. Options for alternative water sources

14. Direct Costs of Water Supply / Demand Options Marsden Jacobs Assocc. For Dept. PM&C, Sydney, Adelaïde, Perth, Newcastle

15. Scope of Work 5 Topics identified for working group • Desalination • Water reuse • Rain water harvesting • Managed Aquifer Recharge • Cross-topic issues • R&D on alternative water resources to provide tools for addressing urban Water Scarcity in Europe from the supply side in complementarity to efforts done on demand side • In water-stress areas, more efforts will be devoted to looking for non-conventional resources. • Public health, consumer requirements and environmental issues will be the main issues to solve • Development in accordance with the uses and the regulations.

16. Main recommendations • Social, economical and environmental impacts and benefits of water demand and supply management options at catchment scale • Adaptation of design and mix of supplies to global changes in large conurbation areas • Socio-economic and regulatory framework for rainwater harvesting and management (RWHM) • Development of Eco-Roof Technologies for future sustainable buildings •  Market survey ‘EU wide saline water resources’ • Vision Desalination 2030 -1 kWh/m3 • Minimization of environmental impacts of brackish and seawater desalination facilities • Recycling of municipal effluents for municipal and industrial purposes with adapted hybrid technologies

17. Find out our recommendations on urban areas

18. Thank for your attention!www.wsstp.eu