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Meteorologists gather data from Earth's surface using instruments like thermometers, barometers, anemometers, and psychrometers. Automated Surface Observing Systems (ASOS) launched in the 1990s provide continuous weather information. Instruments like Rawindsondes equipped with sensors and transmitters collect upper atmospheric data, enhancing weather research and forecasting.
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Gathering Weather Data Section 12.3
Data From Earth’s Surface • Meteorologists measure temperature, air pressure, wind speed, and relative humidity • __________– measures temperature; Fahrenheit or Celsius; liquid in glass or bimetallic strip • _________ – measures air pressure; mercury or aneroid
Data From Earth’s Surface • __________ – measures wind speed • __________– measures the direction of wind • _________ – measures humidity; sling psychrometer
Automated Surface Observing • NWS, FAA, and Dept. of Defense established the ASOS. • Began in 1990’s • 24/7 weather data • Provides info for aviation, weather forecasting, and weather research
Data in the Upper Atmosphere • __________ is an instrument for gathering data in the upper atmosphere • Include sensors and transmitters • Suspended from a weather balloon • Rawindsonde = radar + _____ + radiosonde • Began in 1980’s now replaced by GPS tracking