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Session 2 Concept of Information Systems

Session 2 Concept of Information Systems. PART I Foundations of Information Systems in Business. Systems structure. Subsystems. Systems Boundary. Output. Systems Input. What is a SYSTEM?.

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Session 2 Concept of Information Systems

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  1. Session 2 Concept of Information Systems PART I Foundations of Information Systems in Business HUANG Lihua, Fudan University

  2. Systems structure Subsystems Systems Boundary Output Systems Input What is a SYSTEM? • A system is a group of interrelated components working together toward a common goal by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an organized transformation process. • Components and their attribution • Systems structure: relationship between components • Subsystems • Environment and Boundary • Input and Output S1 S2 S4 S3 HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005 Environment

  3. FEEDBACK Abstract Concept of a Systems INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  4. Control signals Control signals Control by Management Feedback signals Feedback signals System Boundary Environment Example: a manufacturing system INPUT of raw materials Manufacturing PROCESS OUTPUT of finished products HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  5. Pottery Company Organization Systems INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Control signals Control signals Control by Management Feedback signals Feedback signals System Boundary Environment HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  6. Organization System Function Systems Manufacturing System Sell System Procurement System HR System Finance System Product design System ……. Infrastructure System Plant system Machine system …… Information system Informal IS, formal IS, formal computer-based IS Logistics System, Capital system Systems Category in Pottery Company Systems HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  7. What is an Information Systems? • An information system can be any organized combination of people, hardware, software, communications network, and data resources that collects, transforms, and disseminates information in an organization HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  8. Components of an Information System Data Control People Output Process Input Software Memory computer network HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  9. Information Systems In Pottery Company • System: • Information Product: HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  10. Information Systems Activities • Input of Data • Manual input by key, scanning, sound, image,… • Processing of Data into Information • Calculate, sort, find, report, disseminate…… • Output of Information Products • Report, display, suggestion, …… • Storage of Data Resource • Database, data file, maintenance, ….. • Control of System Performance • Audit, …… HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  11. DATA & INFORMATION & KWONLEDGE • DATA: • Streams of raw facts representing events such as business transactions, simple observations of the state of the world • Easily structured • Easily captured on machines • Often quantified • Easily transferred HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  12. DATA & INFORMATION & KWONLEDGE • INFORMATION: • Data endowed with relevance and purpose, or, Clusters of facts meaningful & useful to human beings in processes such as making decisions. • Requires unit of analysis • Need consensus on the meaning • Human mediation necessary HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  13. Data & Information HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  14. DATA & INFORMATION & KWONLEDGE • KNOWLEDGE • Information from the human mind (includes reflection, synthesis, context ), which guide human behavior in correct way. • Information synthesized and contextualized to provide value. • Hard to structure • Difficult to capture on machining • Hard to transfer HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  15. Wrap Up • Concepts • A System • An information system • 5 resource components in an information systems • A activities in an information System • Data, information and knowledge HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

  16. Assignment for Session 2 • P. 33: Review Quiz • Write down in your book, not submit • Preparation for session 3 • Reading Materials • Textbook: chapter 1 • Group Case study: Cisco Systems Architecture • What is the legacy system problem at Cisco? How big a problem is it? • How important is the ERP to solution of the problem and to the overall architecture? Do you see the ERP component as something that will be undertaken by some, most or all companies at they build their information age IT architecture? • What are the essential components of Cisco’s Strategic I-Net? What is the role of Cisco’s Strategic I-Net? HUANG Lihua, Fudan University Feb., - July., 2005

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