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The Formation, Mining, and use of minerals

The Formation, Mining, and use of minerals. Chapter 3 section 3. Environments in which minerals form. Evaporation Salt H 2 O Metamorphic rocks Volcanic activity Limestones groundwater Hot H2O solutions groundwater Pegmatites Volcanic activity Plutons Volcanic activity . Ore.

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The Formation, Mining, and use of minerals

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  1. The Formation, Mining, and use of minerals Chapter 3 section 3

  2. Environments in which minerals form • Evaporation • Salt H2O • Metamorphic rocks • Volcanic activity • Limestones • groundwater • Hot H2O solutions • groundwater • Pegmatites • Volcanic activity • Plutons • Volcanic activity

  3. Ore • A natural material whose concentration of economically valuable minerals is high enough for the material to be mined profitably Platinum Gold

  4. 2 types of mining • Open pits- often use explosives to remove large deposits near the surface • Quarries- open pits that are used to mine building stone, crushed rock, sand, and gravel • Surface coal mining- also called “strip mining” coal is removed in large strips • Often requires passageways to be dug into the Earth to reach the ore. • If deposits are really deep, a vertical shaft is sunk which may connect interesting passageways. Surface Mining Subsurface Mining

  5. Responsible mining • The process of returning land to its original condition after mining it complete • Reusing and reducing our need for minerals by recycling many of the products we use such as aluminum Reclamation Recycling

  6. Use of Minerals Metallic Minerals • Shiny surfaces-do not let light pass through- good conductors of heat and electricity. Can be pounded pressed and stretched without breaking. • Examples- gold, silver, copper • Uses- aircrafts and automobiles • Some nonmetallic minerals are highly valued for beauty and/or rarity over usefulness • Examples- diamonds, topez, ruby • Uses- jewelry Nonmetallic Minerals • Shiny or dull surface- may let light pass through good- insulators of electricity • Examples- silica, gypsum • Uses- concrete, building materials, computer chips Gemstones

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