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Unification of Germany

Unification of Germany. Unit 6 Day 3 and 4. Central Europe before1848. Europe after the Congress of Vienna (1815). Three Attempts at Unification. Attempt 1 – Bottom Up: The Frankfurt Assembly March 1848 – Prussian Revolutionaries rise up in Berlin and demand a liberal constitution

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Unification of Germany

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  1. Unification of Germany Unit 6 Day 3 and 4

  2. Central Europe before1848 Europe after the Congress of Vienna (1815)

  3. Three Attempts at Unification • Attempt 1 – Bottom Up: The Frankfurt Assembly • March 1848 – Prussian Revolutionaries rise up in Berlin and demand a liberal constitution • King Frederick William IV capitulates – agrees to establish Prussian Constituent Assembly and participate in efforts to unify Prussia with other German states • May 1848 - Frankfurt Assembly meets to discuss federal constitution • Efforts at writing constitution side-tracked by annexation of provinces of Holstein and Schleswig by Denmark • March 1849 – Federal Constitution rejected by Frederick IV who now refuses to accept crown “from the gutter”

  4. Nationalism and German Unification Question: How did Nationalism intersect with Liberalism in the Revolutions of 1848? Frankfurt Assembly -1848/9 Germania, Philipp Veit (1848)

  5. Three Attempts at Unification • Attempt 2 – Top Down: Frederick William’s Plan • 1849 – Frederick William IV of Prussia sponsors efforts at unification directed at princes of German states • Attempts to convince princes to elect him as Emperor of unified Germany • Efforts blocked by Austria with the support of Russia

  6. Three Attempts at Unification • Attempt Three - Top Down take 2: Bismarck’s Plan • 1862 – rejection of Prussian military reform budget by parliament causes King William I to appoint Otto von Bismarck chief minister in order to collect taxes without parliamentary approval • 1866 Austro-Prussian War forces dissolution of German Confederation • Bismarck organizes North German Confederation against Austria • Victory enables Prussia to force Austria out of German affairs • 1870 – Nationalistic Franco-Prussian War allows Bismarck to bring southern states into new German Empire • German victory results in William’s coronation at Versailles • Earlier revolutionary ideals replaced by nationalistic fervor

  7. Coronation of Kaiser William Versailles Proclamation, 1870

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