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Grammar Book Lesson: Italics, Underlining, and Descriptive Language Workshop

Learn about italicizing and underlining, irony in literature, and the use of descriptive language in creative writing projects. Get ready to improve your writing skills!

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Grammar Book Lesson: Italics, Underlining, and Descriptive Language Workshop

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  1. Good Morning! • Please grab a grammar book • Turn to page 323 • Take out your notes • Be ready to follow along when the music ends

  2. Italics (underlining) Italics and underlining often serve similar functions. Check with your instructor and make sure you understand the conventions of use. • 42a) Italicize OR underline the titles of works according to convention. Exceptions: short stories, essays, TV/radio episodes, songs, short poems are enclosed in quotation marks. • 42b) Italicize or underline names of spacecraft, aircraft, and ships. • 42c) Foreign words used in an English sentence • 42d) Words, letters, and numbers mentioned as words, letters, or numbers. • 42e) Avoid excessive use for emphasis

  3. For today: • Check STEAL Characterization • Book 16 Recap • Irony • Descriptive Language • Time to work on Odyssey Writing Projects

  4. But First…Pop Quiz 2.0 • Each table group will write a five (5) question quiz for the next table. • Each individual must contribute at least one question to their group’s quiz. Author name will be listed above each question. • Each table must provide enough copies of their created quiz for each member of the next table. • Once enough copies are made of each quiz, they will be passed to the next table where each student will complete one copy, individually as individuals.

  5. Pop Quiz 2.0 Example • Author X: Who does O fight at the beginning? • Author Y: How many pies are thrown at Telemachos? • Author Z: The Circus ringmaster offers the elephant to whom? • Author X: -------------------------------? • Author Y: -------------------------------? • Author Z: ____________________?

  6. Book 16 Recap • O’s arrival to Ithaca • Alkinoos, the gifts, sleepy O • O’s disguise • The Swineherder • Telemachos’ arrival • The Plan • The Suitors • Spill the beans • Their plan to kill T

  7. Epic Irony in The Odyssey • Irony comes from a Greek word meaning “someone who hides under a false appearance.” • When irony is used, things appear different, often the opposite, of what they really are; unexpected events happen; what people say is not what they mean. • The use of irony creates interest, surprise, or a shared understanding with the author or characters. • There are many types of irony, but three to focus on: • Verbal Irony • Dramatic Irony • Situational Irony

  8. Verbal Irony • Verbal Irony is irony in the use of language. • What is said can be understood as the opposite of what is meant (remember the puns in R&J) • “Nobody stabbed me in the eyeball!” • The reader’s understanding is different than the other cyclopes’ • This can be unintentional or intentional. • Juliet’s double meanings

  9. Dramatic Irony • In Dramatic Irony there is knowledge that the author/narrator makes available to the readers, but not the characters. • We hear in Book 1 that O’s crew will die. We know, they don’t. • Eumaios takes in O. He thinks O is a beggar, we know otherwise.

  10. Situational Irony • Situational Irony can occur either from the pov of a character or the reader. • This occurs when something that is expected with a great deal of certainty doesn’t happen. • Either we get psyched out or the characters do, or both. (“Gift of the Magi”) • Alkinoos’ hospitality and Zeus’ reward • The Suitors’ plan to kill Telemachus

  11. Other types of Irony • Comic • Socratic • Tragic

  12. Descriptive Language In your creative projects, you must let the readers know about the attributes of something so they can picture it in their mind’s eye. • What stands about what you’re describing? • If you’re describing a setting: • Maybe mention layout or décor • If describing a monster: • Maybe describe physical appearance, personality traits, actions, habits.

  13. Descriptive Language • To make your creative writing vivid, consider questions as you prepare your Odyssey writing projects: • What is it you wish to describe? • What are its attributes? • How is it apprehended by the senses? • Imagery: How something looks, smells, tastes, feels, or sounds. • How does it relate to other things in its environment or context? • What are the answers to the 5Ws? Who? What? Where? When? Why? How?

  14. Descriptive Language Imagery: Look, Smell, Taste, Feel, Sound 5Ws: Who, What, Where, When, Why, How

  15. For next time • Rough draft of your Odyssey Writing Project • Read Book 21

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