Case for Cambodia

1. Case for Cambodia Team 6 Aaron Goodman Lisa Andela Eric Immerfall Elizabeth Smit Jordan Johnston

2. Presentation Outline • Design Norms • Master Plan Layout • Designs • Budget • Implementation • Challenges • Lessons Learned • Questions

3. Design Norms • Cultural Appropriateness: • Through the design, materials, and construction methods of the common Cambodian. • Transparency: • Communication about the simplicity and reliability of the design. • Integrity: • Design will facilitate relationships between people and their land. Design Norms - Layout - Designs - Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

4. Master Plan Layout • Common Building • Sanitary Facilities • Bridge • Fish Ponds • Drip Irrigation • Well • Solar Pump Design Norms - Layout - Designs - Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

5. Common Building • Purpose: • Meeting space • Housing for ~30 people • Eating/cooking space • Design Requirements • Built in the Cambodian • architectural style • Use local easily obtained materials • Low cost • Long design life Examples of similar existing structures Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

6. Layout • 1stFloor- • Classroom, • Kitchen, • 3 full bathrooms • open space • 2nd Floor- • 11 dorm rooms • Tile roof • Steel Frame • Concrete block • Wood/Stucco Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

7. Roof Design • Clay Tiles • Local tiles used • Size no smaller than 0.369m long • Steel Framing • Steel angles 3”x3” spaced at 0.369m O.C. • Support Beams • W8x10 • Spaced at 3m O.C • Support Truss • WT4x5 used as outer shape • L30305 is used as bracing Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

8. Second Floor Design • 2nd Floor Columns • W8x24 in center at end of building • W10x12 at each corner of building • Steel beam design • W8x10- Floor framing over 3m spans (also along stairway) • W10x12- Girder spanning 4 or 5 m • W12x19- Girder spanning 6m to allow large open space Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

9. First Floor Design • First Floor Includes: • Kitchen • Enclosed in concrete block (along with classroom and restrooms • Classroom • Large space for classes, meetings, worship, etc. • Potential for computer lab • Restroom facilities • Each include toilet, sink, and shower • Storage room • Battery bank storage • Stairway • Wrap design • Foundations • Wall foundations and column footings • Short perimeter wall • Keeps rain out Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

10. Sanitary Facility Method Selection • Provide Increased Sanitation • Alternatives • Waste Removal • Current Method is Ineffective • New Method: • Safe • Effective • Efficient • Proven • Provide a Better Future Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

11. Sanitary Facility System Plan • Three Bathrooms • Sink, Toilet, and Shower in Each • Water Demand: 1692 Liters per Day • Septic System for Waste Removal • 2 Septic Tanks in Series • 1st Tank: 1500 gallons with Baffle • 2nd Tank: 1500 gallons • Drain Field • Approximately 950 sq ft in size Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

12. Sanitary Facility Water Demand Assumptions • Maximum population in dorms = 30 people • 15 Showers per day at 1.5 gallons per minute • 3 Toilet uses per person per day at 2 gallons per flush • 90 Bathroom uses per day at 0.3 gallons per hand wash • 15 gallons used per day for Kitchen sink use • Total Daily Water Demand = 1692 Liters per Day Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

13. Sanitary Facility Bathroom Layout Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

14. Sanitary Facility Bathroom Specifications • A standard toilet, sink, and shower head will be used • Standard piping with two outflows from three bathrooms • Outflow will connect with the kitchen waste en route to the septic tanks • Standard spacing for the shower at 0.8 meters wide and 1.4 meters long • Toilet and Sink will fit any standard model Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

15. Sanitary Facility Septic System Design Specs • 2 Septic Tanks in Series • Extra Storage • Sludge Movement Prevention • Schedule 40 Piping • Minimum Slope is 0.25 in per 1 foot • 950 sq foot drainage field • Level • Perforated 4” Piping • Baffle System Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

16. Sanitary Facility Waste Removal (Plane View) Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

17. Sanitary Facility Waste Removal (Bird’s Eye) Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

18. Sanitary Facility Drainage Field • Depth Varies on Soil Type • Level of Drain Field • 6 inches of supporting bed of stone washed gravel • 4 inch thin walled perforated piping • 2 inches of covering stone washed gravel bed • Back filled to whatever distance required • Sloped Cover Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

19. Sanitary Facility Drain Field (Plane View) Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

20. Sanitary Facility Drain Field (Bird’s Eye) Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

21. Bridge Design – Stream Modeling • Modeled stream in HEC-RAS and HY – 8 • 3 Different Models were made in HEC-RAS • The first model made was the stream as it is now Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

22. Bride Design – Stream Modeling Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

23. Bridge Design - Culverts • The second model was made with the dam being assumed as part of the ground and with the sides of the stream being excavated to provide room for the structure • From there culverts were inserted to find out how many were needed to convey the worst case flow. Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

24. Bridge Design - Culverts Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

25. Bridge Design - Culverts • The third model was made to with the dam being assumed as part of the ground but this time the culverts were put at a downward slope. Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

26. Bridge Design – Dam Section • The Dam that was chosen is an Earthen Dam. • The Dam was decided to be 1m tall and 10.5m wide with a length of 10m at the base Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

27. Bridge Design - • There are four different protection measures that must be implemented • Side Bank • Underflow • Bridge/Dam Frontal • Seepage Rock Toe Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

28. Bridge Design - Roadway • The Roadway over the bridge can be one of two designs • Concrete (proposed) • Gravel (alternative) Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

29. Bridge Design – Final Design Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

30. Bridge Design - Installation • Excavation should start at the beginning of the dry season • Materials should be brought in during excavation • Dam must be built carefully Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

31. Renewable Energy Source • Sizing of the components based on 6kWh demand • System Autonomy 3 days • Average solar irradiation 4.96 kWh/m²/d • Require 12 Sharp 175 w Panels • Battery Bank 12 x 2 volt batteries in series • Require Total Capacity of 1500 Ah • Inverter sized with all appliances running • Continuous output power should be approximately 1600 W at 25°C http://cambodia.picosol.nl Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

32. Renewable Energy Source – System Configuration Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

33. Renewable Energy Source – Solar Pumps • Two types of solar pump systems • Main pump-Lorentz PS600 HR/C • Meets daily flow demands and provides 30 m lift • Fish Pond Pumping System-Lorentz PS600 BADU • Low head levels with high volume capacity www.lorentz.de/ PS600 BADU PS 600 HR/C Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

34. Renewable Energy Source – Design Costs • Price Per kWh: $1.07 Annuity Based on a 6% growth rate and end of year payments Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

35. Water Distribution & Irrigation Well, Pump, & Tank Rice Plots New Piping • Water Needs from Well: • Existing Common Building: 564L/day • New Common Building: 1629L/day • Soursop Tree: ~8L/day • Water distribution system modeled in EPANET to confirm that 3000L tank will supply water demands • Using Lorentz PS600 to refill tank throughout the day Fishponds & Garden Existing Piping Rows of Soursop Trees Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

36. IDEal Drip Irrigation Systems • IDEal Drip Kits • International Development Enterprises • A local non-profit • Offer all sized drip irrigation kits (20m2-1000m2) • Pump: • Lorentz PS600BADU to pump water from fishponds to tank http://www.ideorg.org/OurTechnologies/IDEal_Drip_Technical_Manual.pdf • Drip Irrigation System Layout for • Garden • Research plots Design Norms - Layout - Designs- Budget - Implementation - Challenges - Questions

37. Budget • Projected costs were based on • Cost of materials • Cambodian price if known, otherwise price in the US • Does not include cost of labor Design Norms - Layout - Designs -Budget- Implementation - Challenges - Questions

38. Implementation Design Norms - Layout - Designs - Budget -Implementation - Challenges - Questions

39. Challenges in Design • Obstacles Have Overcome • Assumptions about site data • Finding local vendors and prices for system components • Different design codes and styles between countries • Culturally appropriate design choices Design Norms - Layout - Designs - Budget - Implementation -Challenges- Questions

40. Lessons Learned • Keep units straight -metric • Document everything • Things change- be able to adapt • We don’t know everything-make assumptions • Getting started is half the battle- where to start • Learned a lot about different aspects of site development • Communication is key between group members Design Norms - Layout - Designs - Budget - Implementation -Challenges- Questions

41. Questions? Further questions…email us!….caseforcambodia@gmail.com • Special Thanks To: • Prof DeRooy-Team Advisor • Prof Dornbos-Biology Prof • Rachel Koopman-Interim Data Coordinator • Interim Group • Roger Lamer-Industrial Consultant • Navy Chann-Chhay & Li Chhay-Client • Founders of Eden School of Agriculture • CEAC Design Norms - Layout - Designs - Budget - Implementation - Challenges -Questions