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KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Arthropoda

KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Arthropoda. Subphylum Mandibulata. Members of the Phylum Arthropoda. The segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen). The paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed.

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KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Arthropoda

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  1. KINGDOM ANIMALIAPhylum Arthropoda

  2. Subphylum Mandibulata

  3. Members of the Phylum Arthropoda • The segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen). • The paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed. • They posses a chitinous exoskeleton that must be shed during growth. • They have bilateral symmetry. • The nervous system is ventral (belly) and the circulatory system is closed/open and dorsal (back).

  4. Three Major Subphylum • The arthropods are divided into three subphyla that exist today: • Chelicerata , Mandibulata, Crustacea

  5. Mandibulata Characteristics: • Mouthparts are mandibles normally chewing sideways • One or two pairs of antennae • Various body region arrangements depending on species • cephalothorax & abdomen • head & trunk • head, thorax & abdomen • Variable leg numbers • Includes insects, chilopoda, & diplopoda

  6. Review of Zoological Nomenclature Taxonomic Categories Kingdom -Animalae Phylum –Arthropoda Subphylum - Mandibulata Class -Insecta Order -Coleoptera Family -Scarabaeidae Genus -Popillia Genus & species Popillia japonica Newman

  7. Class Insects • Insects are the largest group of Arthropods

  8. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS • Three body regions – head, thorax, and abdomen • One pair antenna (head) • Six legs or 3 pairs (thorax) • One-two pairs of wings (thorax)

  9. Count the Legs! There are ALWAYS SIX legs, and they are attached to the THORAX

  10. Antenna FILIFORM • One Pair on head • Jointed • Sensory (smell) • Called “feelers” • Filiform most common shape (segments = size) • May be modified

  11. Antenna Modifications

  12. Wings or No Wings • Most adults have 2 pairs • Called forewings and hindwings • Some insects are wingless (silverfish, fleas, some termites and ants)

  13. More on Wings A network of Veins strengthens wings MEMBRANEOUS (clear) WINGS

  14. Some Wings Are Covered With Powdery Scales BUTTERFLIES & MOTHS

  15. Wings May Be Modified • Order Diptera (flies) • 2nd pair of wings modified into HALTERES • Used for balance • Makes flies hard to catch!

  16. Beetle Wings ELYTRA • Hard Forewing called Elytra • Meet in straight line down the abdomen • Membranous hindwings folded underneath (flight)

  17. Order Coleoptera Called beetles Tough exoskeleton Forewings called Elytra Fly with membranous hindwings Larva called grubs Cucumber beetle Ladybird beetle Rhinoceros beetle

  18. Order Diptera • Contains mosquitoes & flies • One pair functional wings • Club-shaped halteres for balance • Bodies often hairy Green Bottle fly Hover Fly Aedes Mosquito Fruit Fly

  19. Order Orthoptera • Grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, katydids • Very long bodies • Rear legs modified for jumping • Females with egg laying tube (ovipositor on end of abdomen) • Often communicate with chirping sounds

  20. Order Lepidoptera • Moths, butterflies, & skippers • Siphoning mouthparts coiled under head • Powdery scales on wings • Butterflies fold wings flat above body at rest • Moths are night active • Important plant pollinators

  21. Order Hymenoptera Carpenter bee • Bees, ants, wasps • Narrow waist connects thorax & abdomen • Abdomen curved downward • May have stinger on end of abdomen Red ant Yellow jacket

  22. Insect Anatomy

  23. Chelicerata Characteristics: • Pincher-like mouthparts (chelicerae) and pedipalps • NO antennae • Two body regions, usually - cephalothorax & abdomen • Four pairs of legs • Horseshoe crabs and arachnids are the only living groups. • Arachnids include scorpions, pseudoscorpions, daddy long-legs, mites & ticks, spiders

  24. Scorpion Anatomy

  25. chelicerae eyes pedipalp

  26. Pseudoscorpion

  27. Spider Anatomy pedipalp chelicera (fang) cephalothorax narrow waist abdomen

  28. Abdomen Cephalothorax Chelicera (fang) Pedipalp Jumping Spider

  29. Wolf spider with egg case Spitting spider Orb-weaving spider Tarantula

  30. Black widow with egg case Brown recluse

  31. Crustacean Anatomy

  32. Classes of Crustacea • mostly marine, fresh water, a few terrestrial • all have two pair of antennae • five or more pairs of legs • segmented abdominal appendages • head & trunk or cephalothorax & abdomen body arrangement • have gills • Sowbugs or pillbugs • Sand fleas • Barnacles • Crabs, lobster, shrimp

  33. Crayfish cephalothorax (Decapoda) Sowbug (Isopoda), a terrestrial crustacean

  34. Classes of Myriapods (many legged arthropods) (all have one pair of antennae, a head region, and trunk with many pairs of legs, use trachea) • Diplopoda - millipedes • Chilopoda - centipedes

  35. Myriapods one pair of antennae head & trunk regions trunk with many pairs of legs Millipede (Diplopoda) Two pair of legs per visible segment, attached under body. Centipede (Chilopoda) Pair of fangs under head, one pair legs per visible segment - attached to side of body. No fangs, no eyes, legs attached to side of body.

  36. Millipede (Diplopoda) Centipede (Chilopoda) Garden centipede

  37. Orders of Arachnids • Scorpions • Pseudoscorpions • Daddy Long-Legs • Mites & Ticks • Spiders

  38. Pseudoscorpion Tick (a mite) Scorpion Wolf Spider Daddy-long-legs

  39. Mite and Tick Body Regions pedipalps & chelicerae cephalothorax abdomen

  40. American dog tick male Blacklegged (deer) tick female

  41. American dog tick female laying egg mass (1000-2000 eggs!).

  42. Clover mites Twospotted spider mites Predatory mite

  43. daddy long-legs cephalothorax abdomen

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