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Y490 Politics of the Internet

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Y490 Politics of the Internet

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  1. Y490 Politics of Y490 Politics of Y490 Politics of Y490 Politics of the Internet the Internet the Internet the Internet September 15, 2010 September 15, 2010

  2. Internet Pioneers Internet Pioneers Internet Pioneers Internet Pioneers Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider: developed the idea of a universal network while working at DARPA He also was a big supporter of time-sharing vs. batch processing computers. Video Robert Taylor: succeeded Licklider at DARPA Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO)

  3. What Did Licklider What Did Licklider What Did Licklider What Did Licklider Want? Want? Want? Want? The Department of Defense operated The Department of Defense operated computers or computer-like equipment computers or computer-like equipment for many different functions: for many different functions: Missiles and satellites, Strategic Air Missiles and satellites, Strategic Air command command Battleship control systems Battleship control systems Army field operations Army field operations Licklider wanted for all of them to be able Licklider wanted for all of them to be able to communicate with each other to communicate with each other

  4. More Internet Pioneers More Internet Pioneers More Internet Pioneers More Internet Pioneers L-R: Vint Cerf, Robert Kahn, Len Kleinrock, and Larry Roberts – Team members from Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN) and the Lincoln Labs at MIT and later at UCLA who created the first IMP and connected the first two nodes. History of the Internet video

  5. Key Innovations Key Innovations Key Innovations Key Innovations TCP/IP Routers and Packet Switches TCP/IP Routers and Packet Switches Local Area Networks Local Area Networks (LANs) Fiber Optics Fiber Optics (big Internet pipes) (big Internet pipes) UNIX UNIX with TCP/IP kernel with TCP/IP kernel Integration of TCP/IP into all computers Integration of TCP/IP into all computers Hypertext Markup Language Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Multimedia Multimedia standards and protocols standards and protocols (LANs) (HTML)

  6. Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Developed by Developed by Robert Metcalfe others at others at Xerox PARC Xerox PARC in 1973-75 Connects computers locally and allows Connects computers locally and allows them to connect to the Internet from one them to connect to the Internet from one shared node shared node Robert Metcalfe and in 1973-75 and

  7. Pioneers of the Web: Pioneers of the Web: Pioneers of the Web: Pioneers of the Web: 1980 1980 1980 1980 Tim Berners-Lee Tim Berners-Lee Robert Caillou Robert Caillou HTML developed for scientists at The CERN complex in Geneva

  8. The Rise of Microcomputers The Rise of Microcomputers The Rise of Microcomputers The Rise of Microcomputers and Hacker Culture and Hacker Culture and Hacker Culture and Hacker Culture  1976 Apple I computer sold to computer hobbyists 1976 Apple I computer sold to computer hobbyists  Paul Allen and Bill Gates create a BASIC language Paul Allen and Bill Gates create a BASIC language compiler for microcomputers compiler for microcomputers  1981 IBM PC begins to compete in the microcomputer 1981 IBM PC begins to compete in the microcomputer market market

  9. Good Questions in the Good Questions in the Good Questions in the Good Questions in the Textbook Textbook Textbook Textbook  How has the historical development of the How has the historical development of the Internet shaped its contemporary Internet shaped its contemporary characteristics? characteristics?  Is TCP/IP a radical communication Is TCP/IP a radical communication technology? technology?  How important is the do-it-yourself, or hacker, How important is the do-it-yourself, or hacker, ethos for making sense of the Internet’s ethos for making sense of the Internet’s development? development?  Assess the impact of the World Wide Web and Assess the impact of the World Wide Web and the graphical browser on the diffusion of the the graphical browser on the diffusion of the Internet. Internet.

  10. Good Questions in the Good Questions in the Good Questions in the Good Questions in the Textbook Textbook Textbook Textbook  How has the historical development of the How has the historical development of the Internet shaped its contemporary Internet shaped its contemporary characteristics? characteristics?  Is TCP/IP a radical communication Is TCP/IP a radical communication technology? technology?  How important is the do-it-yourself, or hacker, How important is the do-it-yourself, or hacker, ethos for making sense of the Internet’s ethos for making sense of the Internet’s development? development?  Assess the impact of the World Wide Web and Assess the impact of the World Wide Web and the graphical browser on the diffusion of the the graphical browser on the diffusion of the Internet. Internet.

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