1. What interaction between organisms would be described as parasitic?

1. 1. What interaction betweenorganisms would be describedas parasitic? A. a mosquito feeding on theblood of a dog B. a bee gathering nectar and pollen from a flower C. a cleaner shrimp picking dead skin off a large fish D. a nonpoisonous snake mimicking a poisonous snake

2. 2. Coal is usually found underground,compressed in a layer between other types of rock. Coal is produced by what rock-forming process? A. crystallization from melted rock B. formation of sediment from weathering C. deposition and burial of dead plant matter D. eruption of volcanic ash followed by settling in a layer

3. 3. Most electric power is generated by burning fossil fuels. A family living in central Ohio uses electric appliances for cooking and air conditioning. They use fuel oil for heating.What change could this family make to conserve fossil fuels? A. convert to natural gas as a fuel for cooking B. switch to the use of less expensive coal for heat C. lower the temperature setting on the air conditioner D. install solar roof panels to generate additional electricity

4. 4. A park is home to a large number of robins, squirrels and rabbits. The robins and squirrels live in the park’s trees. The robins feed on earthworms and insects that live on the ground. The squirrels eat the acorns produced by the park’s oak trees. The rabbits hide in the bushes and feed on the grass. Which factor would directly limit the number of rabbits that could live inthis park? A. number of robins B. number of bushes C. number of acorns D. number of squirrels

5. 5. In which environment is white furcolor an advantage for survival? A. desert B. grassland C. arctic tundra D. temperate forest

6. 6. What is the major process of surface rock formation on volcanoes? A. Rock cools quickly from melted rock. B. Rock is recrystallized by extreme pressure. C. Rock solidifies slowly deep underground. D. Rock is formed from deposited sediment.

7. 7. Which cell structure carries out a function for a cell that is similar to the function that bark carries out for a tree? A. cell wall B. nucleus C. chloroplast D. mitochondrion

8. 8. Why is coal considered to be anonrenewable energy source? A. Sunlight is the original source of energy for coal. B. The burning of coal could cause environmental pollution. C. Once coal is mined, it can take millions of years to be replaced. D. Coal is abundant, but it is very expensive to mine from underground.

9. 9. Why do satellites and spacecraft launched from Earth need to reach a specific speed to escape Earth’s surface? A. to overcome Earth’s gravitational force B. to protect equipment from radiation C. to break through the sound barrier D. to avoid Earth’s magnetic field

10. 10. Which is an example of a group ofcells with a common structureand function? A. stomach B. muscle tissue C. mitochondria D. digestive system

11. 11. Which phenomena occur as aresult of the gravitational attractionbetween the moon and Earth? A. eclipses B. ocean tides C. seasonal changes D. phases of the moon

12. 12. Electricity is produced in a hydroelectric plant when moving water turns a turbine. Which describes this energy transformation from the turning turbine to electricity? A. kinetic energy into electric energy B. nuclear energy into electric energy C. thermal energy into electric energy D. chemical energy into electric energy

13. 13. What change would occurif Earth’s rate of rotationsignificantly increased? A. The year would be shorter. B. The year would be longer. C. The day would be shorter. D. The day would be longer.

14. 14. Bass tapeworms attach to the gills and intestines of bass fish. Theseworms survive by taking nutrients from the bass. What type of relationship doesthis represent? A. predation B. parasitism C. mutualism D. commensalism

15. 15. Fungi recycle leaves in forests. Fungirelease chemicals onto the leaves to break them down into smaller particles. The fungi use the small particles for growth. Which process allows fungi to obtain the nutrients they need from dead leaves? A. circulation B. digestion C. reproduction D. respiration

16. 16. Which is a major advantage of using energy sources such as sunlight, wind and running water instead of fossil fuels, such as coal and natural gas? A. Sunlight, wind and running water are much more efficient than fossil fuels. B. Sunlight, wind and running water are renewable and available indefinitely. C. Sunlight, wind and running water are much less expensive to use than fossil fuels. D. Sunlight, wind and running water can be used at any geographical location.

17. 17. The sun is a mid-sized, mainsequence star. What stage is next in the life cycle of the sun? A. red giant B. black hole C. white dwarf D. neutron star

18. 18. Aphids are small insects that sometimes live near ants. The ants protect the aphids from predators. The aphids produce a sweet substance that the ants eat. Which statement describes the relationship between ants and aphids? A. Both ants and aphids benefit. B. Both ants and aphids are unaffected. C. The ants benefit and the aphids are harmed. D. The aphids benefit and the ants are unaffected.

19. 19. Which two plant cell structures are responsible for storing energy from sunlight and later releasing it for cells to use? A. chloroplast and mitochondrion B. mitochondrion and cell wall C. chloroplast and nucleus D. nucleus and cell wall

20. 20. Which unit of measurement do astronomers use when measuring the distance between two stars found in the Milky Way? A. meter B. light-year C. kilometer D. astronomical unit

21. 21. The energy of blowing wind can be harnessed to create electricity. Why is wind considered a renewable energy source? A. Wind does not cause destruction of the environment. B. Wind turns the blades of a windmill that creates electricity. C. Wind provides only a very small amount of electricity to the United States. D. Wind comes from atmospheric conditions that are available indefinitely.

22. 22. What is the role of themitochondrion in cells? A. It converts sunlight to energy. B. It controls all functions of the cell. C. It transports water throughout the cell. D. It breaks down sugar to release energy.

23. 23. Why are fossil fuels callednonrenewable resources? A. They make waste products. B. They are buried far underground. C. They take a very long time to produce. D. They are more expensive than nuclear fuels.

24. 24. In what ways do animals depend on the sun for energy? A. animals convert sunlight to chemical energy. B. the skin of animals absorb the energy in sunlight. C. Animals get energy by eating organisms that use sunlight to make food. D. animals depend on fossil fuels formed by the sun for energy.

25. 25. An adaptation is a characteristic that improves an organism’s chance of A. behaving instinctively B. Fossilizing after death C. Surviving and reproducing successfully D. Learning a new behavior

26. 26. Which of the following muscles moves your bones? A. skeletal B. cardiac C. involuntary D. smooth

27. 27. A deer population leaves an area. Which of the following situations most likely describes why they left? A. the deer’s natural predators left the area B. The deer population fell below its carrying capacity C. The deer’s niche changed D. food became a limiting factor when the deer ate too many shrubs

28. 28. Which of the following shows division of geological time from largest to smallest? A. Periods, eons, epochs, eras B. Eons, eras, periods, epochs C. eras, periods, epochs, eons D. epochs, periods, eras, eons

29. 29. A warm air mass slides over a cold air mass forming a(n) A. cold front B. warm front C. occluded front D. stationary front

30. 30. Which of the following is a nonrenewable resource? A. Solar energy B. Wind energy C. Natural gas D. Hydroelectric energy

31. 31. Which of the following is not true about gas giants? A. They have many moons. B. They have ring systems. C. They are rocky. D. They are large.

32. 32. In a chemical equation, A. Products are always shown on the right side and the reactants on the left side. B. Reactants are always shown on the right side and the products on the left side. C. Products and reactants are both shown on the right side. D. Mass is not conserved.

33. 33. You push on a box, but it doesn’t move. What force opposes your push? A. momentum B. friction C. gravity D. lift

34. 34. In a transverse wave, the particles move A. back and forth B. up and down C. in a circle D. in no certain pattern

35. 35. What condition is necessary for heat to move from one object to another? A. The objects must touch. B. Radiation must occur. C. The objects must be at different temperatures. D. Liquids and gases form currents.

36. 36. Sam asks the question, “what is the density of this block of wood?” Sam can most easily answer this question by A. making measurements B. stating a hypothesis C. doing an experiment D. controlling variables

37. 37. Which tool would you use to measure the length of a ramp? A. meter stick B. compass C. stopwatch D. spring scale

38. 38. The two chromatids of a chromosome separate during mitosis because A. they break in half. B. the spindle fibers pull them to opposite sides of the cell. C. they will form two different sex cells. D. Both A and B

39. 39. The imprint of an animal track in sedimentary rock is an example of a A. rock fossil B. cast fossil C. mold fossil D. trace fossil

40. 40. Where does oxygen-poor blood go when it leaves the heart? A. the brain B. the body C. the lungs D. none of the above

41. 41. Which of the following is an example of a pioneering species? A. tree B. shrub C. grass D. lichen

42. 42. Faults are not associated with A. earthquakes B. tectonic plate movements C. hot spots D. transform boundaries

43. 43. The ozone layer, which protects living things on Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation, is found in which layer of the atmosphere? A. troposphere B. stratosphere C. mesosphere D. thermosphere

44. 44. The section of DNA that controls a trait is called a A. chromosome B. gene C. chromatid D. mutation

45. 45. You use an empty shoebox as a container to hold your CDs. This is an example of a conservation method called A. selective cutting B. reducing C. reusing D. recycling

46. 46. The inner planets are made of heavier elements because A. temperatures were cooler closer to the sun B. light elements vaporize close to the sun C. light elements did not exist in early stages of the solar system D. the inner planets formed from gas giants

47. 47. An atom of chorine has 17 electrons. The number of electrons in chorine’s third energy level is A. 17 B. 15 C. 7 D. zero

48. 48. The force of gravity between two objects is strongest when A. the masses of both objects are large and they are far apart. B. the masses of both objects are small and they are close together. C. one mass is large and the other small and they are far apart. D. both masses are large and they are close together.

49. 49. Wave A has a higher frequency than Wave B. Their speeds are the same. How do the wavelengths to two waves compare? A. Wave A’s wavelength is longer. B. Wave B’s wavelength is longer. C. The wavelengths are the same. D. Wavelengths depends on energy, not frequency.

50. 50. Which material has the highest specific heat capacity? A. wood B. metal C. cloth D. water