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THE CIVIL WAR

Explore the grim realities of Civil War medicine and prisons during 1860-1865, where soldiers faced death from injuries and diseases. Discover the challenges faced by surgeons, the prevalence of amputations, and the harsh conditions within prison camps. Learn about the high death tolls and the desperate attempts at preservation amidst the turmoil of war.

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THE CIVIL WAR

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  1. THE CIVIL WAR 1860 -1865

  2. CIVIL WAR MEDICINE

  3. I. Deaths in the War • Of the 618,000 deaths – only 1 in 3 died of wounds in battle • The rest died by disease - measles - mumps - whooping cough - dysentery - malaria - typhoid

  4. II. The Surgeons • In the beginning – surgeons didn’t understand the importance of – diet, sanitation or sterile equipment • Gained an understanding as war progressed • A surgeons kit • Mainly implements for cutting off limbs • Bullet probes – find minie balls • Chloroform for anesthetize

  5. III. Amputation • Most common form of surgery • 3 out of 4 operations = amputation • Survival Rate • Amputation in first 24 hours from the wounding – a 75% of survival • After 24 hours – a 50% of survival • Saved more lives than it killed

  6. IV. Embalming • Preserving the Body • Became a science during the war • A way to preserve bodies for transportation home for burial

  7. Civil War Prisons

  8. I. Prisoners – Held & Died • North - held – 220,000 - died – 26,436 • South - held – 126,950 - died – 22,576

  9. Rules for Prisoners (POW’s) • Keep POW’s in safe, sanitary camps • Give only name, rank, serial number, age • Other non-fighting nations could inspect the camps • Rules agreed on by many nations

  10. II. Prison Camps • Most Notorious Camps • In the South – Andersonville, GA - Capacity 10,000 - Highest number held at one time – 32,000 - Total deaths – 12,919 • In the North – Elmira, NY - Capacity – 5,000 - Highest number held at one time – 9,400 - Total deaths – 3,000

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