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Topic 11 – Wave Phenomena

Topic 11 – Wave Phenomena. 11.1 – Standing/ Stationary Waves. Standing Waves. Formation of standing waves Standing waves are formed when two identical waves met each other travel in opposite directions. Wiki – Waves on a string. Standing Waves.

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Topic 11 – Wave Phenomena

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  1. Topic 11 – Wave Phenomena 11.1 – Standing/ Stationary Waves

  2. Standing Waves • Formation of standing waves Standing waves are formed when two identical waves met each other travel in opposite directions. Wiki – Waves on a string

  3. Standing Waves • The result of this is a wave where the peaks simply move up and down but DO NOT PROGRESS.

  4. Standing vs Progressive Waves

  5. Formation of Standing Waves

  6. Formation of Waves in Closed Pipes

  7. Formation of waves in open pipes

  8. 11.2 Doppler Effect • The change in pitch of a sound wave due to a change in frequency of the wave is called the Doppler Effect. • It is caused by the relative motion of the SOURCE and the DETECTOR

  9. Moving Source

  10. Moving Observer

  11. Doppler Effect and EM radiation • The EM spectrum travels at c through a vacuum but if the velocity of the observed EM radiation in a lot smaller than c then we can use the following equation to calculate the change in frequency For v << c

  12. Doppler Effect Equations

  13. Using the Doppler Effect! • 11.2.6 – Outline an example in which the Doppler Effect is used to measure speed.

  14. 11.3 Diffraction • More in depth look at diffraction • Huygens’ Principle • http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/diffract3.php

  15. Diffraction from a single slit • What is the diffraction pattern shown on a screen when a wave is diffracted around a single slit?

  16. Explaining the diffraction pattern

  17. Explaining the diffraction pattern

  18. Explaining the diffraction pattern

  19. Explaining the diffraction pattern

  20. Explaining the diffraction pattern

  21. 11.4 Resolution • If two sources sources of light are very close in angle to each other they can sometimes be seen as one light source. • If we can detect that there are two light sources then we say the light sources are resolved • The ability to do this depends on the RAYLEIGH CRITERION

  22. Rayleigh Criterion

  23. Rayleigh Criterion • If the sources are to be just resolved, then the minimum of one diffraction pattern is located on top of the maximum of the other diffraction pattern. • For a SLIT – the minima was located at • For a CIRCULAR APERTURE -

  24. Importance of Resolution Research the importance of resolution in the development of the following technologies • CDs • DVDs • Electron Microscope • Radio Telescopes

  25. 11.5 Polarisation

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