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Impact of Iodine and Cesium on Pb-Bi Liquid Metal System: Experimental Insights

This study investigates the effects of iodine (I) and cesium (Cs) on the liquid metal Pb-Bi. The objective is to determine how I and Cs interact within this system and to identify potential vaporized substances and their deposition locations. Experiments were conducted at varying temperatures of 400°C, 600°C, 700°C, 800°C, and 900°C. Results indicate that at lower temperatures, I and Cs remain within the Pb-Bi, whereas at higher temperatures, no I or Cs were found in gas phases, with deposition occurring on cooler surfaces. Future investigations are planned for further analysis.

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Impact of Iodine and Cesium on Pb-Bi Liquid Metal System: Experimental Insights

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  1. Studies on the impact of I and Cs on the Pb-Bi liquid-metal system

  2. Introduction • Objective - to experimentally determine the impact of I and Cs on Pb-Bi liquid metal. And at the same time see which quantities of which substances could arise as vapours and where they deposit. • Experiments were executed at FZK

  3. Overview • Reiterate results from experiments at 400/600/700C. • Results from experiments at 800 and 900C • Conclusions

  4. Test setup at 400/600/700C • Heating causes the Pb-Bi to melt • Further heating causes the Pb membrane to melt • The steel crucible is flushed with inert gas (Ar), which passes through two serially connected gas washing bottles

  5. Tests performed at 400/600/700C

  6. Test setup at 800/900C • Argon gas carries I into the melt • After experiment the wash bottle and Pb-Bi was analyzed

  7. Temperature logging at 800C T2 T1 T5 T4

  8. Tests performed at 800/900C *substances wt.%

  9. Conclusions 400/600/700C • The tests up to 600ºC indicates that I, CsI, and Cs remain in the Pb-Bi and probably form lead iodide and bismuth iodide. Cs probably forms intermetallic compounds with Pb and Bi. • No removal of I nor Cs by gas phase was found. • Because of experimental limitations, no demonstration of I retention at 600 ºC was possible.

  10. Conclusions 800/900C • Neither I nor Cs were found in the gas wash bottles • I and Cs deposited on colder regions (capsule lid) • Structural examination did not reveal any inclusions in the solidified melts except for I-800C which showed oxidic inclusions in the region close to the surface • For the Cs experiments it is assumed that part of the cesium was dissolved in the melt (borne by the alkaline reaction of the melt)

  11. Planned tests • More experiments are planned NRG in the hot cells of the HFR. A fuel pellet shall be melted. And it would be covered by Pb. All volatile fission products would be investigated.

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