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Health Benefits of Wine

Health Benefits of Wine. Lynda Hesse RD. What is Wine?. Alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes or other fruit Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to alcohol and carbon dioxide Date back to 6000BC Played an important role in religion and medicine throughout history.

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Health Benefits of Wine

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  1. Health Benefits of Wine Lynda Hesse RD

  2. What is Wine? • Alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes or other fruit • Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to alcohol and carbon dioxide • Date back to 6000BC • Played an important role in religion and medicine throughout history

  3. Historical Role of Wine in Medicine Ancient Egypt • 2200BC • Oldest documented man made medicine • Recipe for wine based medicines found on ancient Egyptians tablets and papyri

  4. Historical Role of Wine in Medicine Ancient Greeks • Hippocrates - the father of modern medicine recommendations for wine • Wine as a part of a healthy diet • Use as a disinfectant for wounds • Medium to mix with other drugs for easier consumption • Cure for diarrhea and lethargy • Treatment for pain during childbirth

  5. Historical Role of Wine in Medicine Ancient Rome • Documented list of Greek and Roman wines used for medicinal purposes • Used to treat the gladiators in Asian Minor as a disinfectant for wounds

  6. Historical Role of Wine in Medicine Role of Religion • Talmud - “wine is the foremost of all medicines: wherever wine is lacking, medicines become necessary” • New Testament - Paul the Apostle recommended drinking wine now and again for the benefit of the stomach and digestion • Islam - Persian doctors in the 11th century AD noted wines use as a digestive aid and as a disinfectant while dressing wounds • Used in Catholic Monasteries during the middle ages for various medical treatments

  7. Historical Role of Wine in Medicine • Disease Prevention • Used throughout the ages to sterilize water • Alternative to drinking water • Control the spread of disease

  8. Historical Role of Wine in Medicine • Changing views on alcohol in the late 19th and early 20th century • Temperance movement touting the ills of alcoholism • Prohibition • Focus switched to risk of alcohol consumption • Fetal alcohol syndrome – warning labels on alcohol containing products

  9. Historical Role of Wine in Medicine • 1990 and early 21st century • Renewed interest in the health benefits of wine • French Paradox • Research by Serge Renaud • High fat/dairy diet • Low occurrence of Cardiovascular disease • Moderate consumption red wine as risk reducing factor

  10. Historical Role of Wine in Medicine • USDA Dietary Guidelines • 1990 • “Wine has no net health benefit” • 1995 • Moderate consumption with meals providing the individual has had no other alcohol-related health risk • 1 5 oz glass for women • 2 5 oz glasses for men

  11. Health Benefits of Wine • Chemical Compounds found in wine • Polyphenols naturally occurring compounds found in fruit, vegetables, cereal and beverages • Phenols and Polyphenols Phenolic acid Stilbenes Flavonoids Ligans • Red wine has >200 phenolic compounds

  12. Health Benefits of Wine • Resveratrol • Phenolic compound • Found in grapes skin, and leaves • Amount varies by type of grape and wine • Processing of the wine, can also affect the amount of resveratrol • Measured in Micromoles per liter • Marketing resveratrol content on labels • Average in red wine 10 micromoles per liter

  13. Health Benefits of Wine Other Compounds in Wine • Catechin • Quercetin • Cinnanimates • Alcohol • Increase HDL • Anti-clotting properties

  14. Heavy alcohol consumption associated with increase risk of fractures and interferes with the cellular process which creates bone Bone Mineral density in post menopausal women was increased with moderate alcohol consumption Health Benefits of WineBone Density

  15. Alcohol is toxin and heavy consumption has been linked to breast, colon and esophageal cancer Antioxidant compounds in wine may reduce the risk of lung, ovarian and prostate cancer Resveratrol, decrease estrogen metabolites which promote development of breast cancer Reduce risk for esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus Health Benefits of WineCancer

  16. Lowers mortality rate and risk of heart disease Improve LDL/HDL ratio Reduce risk of gallstone secondary to lower cholesterol levels Anticoagulant properties of wine limit blood clotting and inhibit plaque formation Health Benefits of WineHeart Disease

  17. Moderate alcohol consumption lower risk of developing Alzheimer's and dementia 2005 researchers linked moderate alcohol consumption to lower risk of developing Type 2 DM The antibacterial nature of alcohol my reduce risk of H- pylori bacterium Anti-oxidant properties of wine my have positive benefit in slowing macular degeneration Health Benefits of WineOther

  18. Alcohol can stimulate the appetite Drinking wine with meals can help slow stomach emptying time and potentially decrease the amount of food consumed with meals Health Benefits of WineWeight Loss

  19. Is it the Wine Alone? • Digging Deeper into the French Paradox • Is it wine alone that contributed to the 40% reduction in heart attacks and other health benefits of wine

  20. Is it the Wine Alone? • Lifestyle habits • Better diets • Regular exercise • Non smokers • Lower BMI *May be factors to support positive health benefits

  21. Take Away • Eat a Healthful diet • Get regular exercise • Try to achieve a good weight for your height • Lower your BMI • Stop Smoking • And have a glass of wine a day just in case it’s good for you!

  22. “Good Wine is a necessity of life for me” Thomas Jefferson

  23. References • G.Harding”A Wine Miscellany, Clarkson Potter Publishing, New York 2005 • J.Robinson”The Oxford Companion to Wine” Third Edition Oxford University Press 2006 • Hugh,Johnson,Vintage:”The Story of Wine, Simon and Schuster 1989 • P.Masson”The Father of the French Paradox” Wine Spectator, March 15, 1994 • P.Masson”Eat Well, Drink Wisely, Live Longer” Wine Spectator, Nov. 29, 2001. • Novel Antioxidant Reaction s of Cinnamates in Wine. Nick Emil Gislason, Bruce Lamonte Currie and Andrew Leo Waterhouse,J.Agric. Food Chem., 2011 • Walter Bone . (2012) Recognizing and Treating Secondary Osteoporosis. Nat Rev Pheumatol 8(8): 480-92 • Alcohol Drinking.Lyon: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer 1988. • S.Boyles”Research Shows Moderate Wine Drinkers May Have Less Risk of Barrett’s Esophagus”, WebMD • C. Laino”Study Shows Wine Drinkers with Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Les Likely to Die or Have Relapse” WebMD • K.Zelman “Wine How Much Is Good for You” Web MD • Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2009 Nov-Dec; 2(5): 270–278 • Tracy C. Shuman, MD”Alcohol and Heart Disease” Web MD • J Agric Food Chem 2011 Jun 8;59(11):6221-6. doi: 10.1021/jf200115y. Epub 2011 May 11.

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