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This training covers fall hazards, regulations, safety systems, and equipment handling in construction settings. Learn about OSHA standards, terms, fall protection measures, and the role of employees. Ensure safety in high-risk areas and comply with regulations to prevent accidents and injuries.
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Training objectives • Nature of fall hazards in the work area • Subpart M of the construction regulations 1a
Training objectives • Procedures for erecting, maintaining, disassembling, and inspecting fall protection systems 1b
Training objectives • Use and operation of: • guardrail systems • personal fall arrest systems • safety net systems • warning line systems • safety monitoring systems • controlled access zones • other protections to be used 1c
Training objectives • Role of each employee when a safety monitoring system is used • Role of employees in fall protection plans 1d
Training objectives • Limitations on the use of mechanical equipment during roofing work on low-sloped roofs 1e
Training objectives • Correct procedures for the handling and storage of equipment and materials and the erection of overhead protection 1f
Fall hazards in the work area • Falls are one of the major causes of injuries to construction workers • Working at the leading edge of floors, formwork, or roofs 2a
Fall hazards in the work area • Leaning over for overhand bricklaying work • Working near holes or openings • Walking on elevated ramps or runways 2b
Standard applicability • The OSHA standard requires construction employers to: • identify and evaluate fall hazards • provide fall protection • train employees • The requirements are performance-oriented 3a
Standard applicability • The standard does not cover construction workers who are inspecting, investigating, or assessing workplace conditions: • prior to the actual start of work; or • after all work has been completed 3b
Standard applicability • Other OSHA standards also contain fall protection requirements, but they may not outline specific rules for fall protection during all parts of the job 3c
Standard applicability • Review: • Subpart L - Scaffolds • Subpart N - Cranes and derricks • Subpart R - Steel erection • Subpart S - Tunneling • Subpart V - Electric transmission and distribution lines and equipment • Subpart X - Stairways and ladders 3d
Fall protection measures • All walking and working surfaces must be strong enough to safely support employees • Employees must be protected from fall hazards whenever they are 6 feet or more above a lower level 4a
Fall protection measures • Construction workers who are exposed to the hazard of falling onto or into dangerous equipment must be protected at any height • All employees must be protected from falling objects 4b
Fall protection measures • Guardrail systems • Safety net systems • Personal fall arrest systems • Positioning device systems 4c
Fall protection measures • Warning line systems • Controlled access zones • Safety monitoring systems • Covers 4d
Terms • Anchorage • Body belt (safety belt) • Body harness • Controlled access zone (CAZ) 5a
Terms • Dangerous equipment • Deceleration device • Deceleration distance • Free fall 5b
Terms • Free fall distance • Guardrail system • Lanyard • Leading edge 5c
Terms • Lifeline • Low-slope roof • Lower levels • Mechanical equipment 5d
Terms • Overhand bricklaying and related work • Personal fall arrest system • Positioning device system • Roofing work 5e
Terms • Safety-monitoring system • Self-retracting lifeline/lanyard • Steep roof 5f
Terms • Unprotected sides and edges • Walking/working surface • Warning line system 5g
Guardrail systems • The top edge height of top rails must be between 39 inches and 45 inches above the walking/working level 6a
Guardrail systems • Midrails, screens, mesh, or intermediate vertical members are needed when there is no wall or parapet wall at least 21-inches high 6b
Guardrail systems • Guardrail systems must be able to withstand the forces specified in OSHA’s standard • Steel or plastic banding cannot be used as top rails or midrails 6c
Guardrail systems • Top rails and midrails must have a diameter of at least 1/4-inch • If wire rope is used for top rails, it must be flagged with high-visibility material at least every 6 feet 6d
Guardrail systems • Top rails or midrails made from manila, plastic or synthetic rope must be inspected frequently • The guardrail’s surface must be smooth enough so it does not cause lacerations or other injuries, or snag clothing 6e
Guardrail systems • The ends of top rails and midrails must not overhang the terminal posts to create a projection hazard 6f
Safety net systems • Safety nets must be installed as close as practicable under the walking/working surface, but in no case more than 30 feet below the surface 7a
Safety net systems • When nets are used on bridges, the potential fall area from the walking/working surface to the net must be unobstructed 7b
Safety net systems • Safety nets are to extend outward from the work surface by a sufficient distance as specified in the standard • Safety nets must have sufficient clearance under them 7c
Safety net systems • Safety nets must be capable of absorbing an impact force equal to the standard’s specified drop test • Defective nets must not be used 7d
Safety net systems • Inspect safety nets at least once a week for wear, damage, and other deterioration • Safety nets must also be inspected after any occurrence that could affect the integrity of the safety net system 7e
Personal fall arrest systems • Effective January 1, 1998, body belts are not acceptable as part of a personal fall arrest system • Connectors, dee-rings, and snaphooks must meet the standard’s design and strength requirements 8a
Personal fall arrest systems • Devices used to connect to a horizontal lifeline are to be capable of locking in both directions on the lifeline • Lanyards and vertical lifelines must meet the standard’s minimum breaking strength requirements 8b
Personal fall arrest systems • When vertical lifelines are used, each employee must be attached to a separate lifeline • Lifelines must be protected from being cut or abraded 8c
Personal fall arrest systems • Self-retracting lifelines and lanyards must meet the standard’s load requirements • Anchorages used for personal fall arrest equipment must be independent of any anchorage being used to support or suspend platforms 8d
Personal fall arrest systems - when stopping a fall must • Limit the maximum arresting force on an employee to 1,800 pounds when used with a body harness • Be rigged so that an employee cannot free fall more than 6 feet 8e
Personal fall arrest systems - when stopping a fall must • Be rigged so that an employee will not contact any lower level • Bring an employee to a complete stop and limit the employee’s maximum deceleration distance to 3.5 feet 8f
Personal fall arrest systems - when stopping a fall must • Have sufficient strength to withstand twice the anticipated potential impact energy 8g
Positioning Device Systems • Positioning devices are to be rigged so that an employee cannot free fall more than 2 feet 9a
Positioning Device Systems • Positioning devices must be secured to an anchorage capable of supporting: • at least twice the potential impact load of an employee’s fall; or • 3,000 pounds, whichever is greater 9b
Positioning Device Systems • Connectors, dee-rings, and snaphooks must meet the standard’s design and strength requirements 9c
Positioning Device Systems • Positioning device systems must be inspected before each use for: • wear • damage • deterioration • defective components 9d
Positioning Device Systems • Body belts and components must only be used as part of a positioning device system—they cannot be used to hoist materials 9e
Fall protection systems • Employers have a duty to anticipate fall hazards, and to plan work activities accordingly • Careful planning and preparation lay the necessary groundwork for an accident-free workplace 10a
Fall protection systems • Limit work activities to walking/working surfaces that have the strength and structural integrity to safely support employees 10b
Fall protection systems • The rule identifies areas or activities where fall protection is needed. These include, but are not limited to: • unprotected sides and edges • hoist areas • holes • wall openings • formwork and reinforcing steel 10c