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Understanding the Periodic Table: Elements, Classifications, and Chemical Properties

The Periodic Table organizes over 100 elements found in nature, each denoted by a unique symbol. Elements can be classified as solids, liquids, or gases, and further categorized into metals, non-metals, natural, and synthetic types. About 90 elements occur naturally, while others are man-made. They are grouped according to their chemical properties, featuring families such as Transition Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Halogens, Alkali Metals, and Noble Gases. This guide provides an overview of element classification and their chemical relationships.

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Understanding the Periodic Table: Elements, Classifications, and Chemical Properties

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  1. The Periodic Table

  2. ELEMENTS 1 • There are more than 100 elements in the world. • The Periodic Table charts these elements.

  3. ELEMENTS 2 Each element is represented by a symbol

  4. CLASSIFICATION Elements can be thought of in a number of different ways: Solids / liquids / gases Metals / non-metals Natural / Synthetic Chemical properties

  5. SOLIDS / LIQUIDS / GASES Solids Liquids Gases

  6. metals non-metals METALS / NON-METALS

  7. NATURAL / SYNTHETIC • About 90 elements are found naturally on Earth • Elements 43, 61, 87 and those beyond 92 are man-made

  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES • Elements organised into families according to chemical properties

  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 Transition Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Halogens Alkali Metals Noble Gases GROUPS

  10. PERIODS • A PERIOD shows a graduation in chemical properties

  11. True or False False False False • 1.Calcium is a non-metallic element. • 2.The chemical symbol for calcium is C. • 3.Beryllium is in the same period as calcium. • 4.Group 7 in the periodic table is known as the Halogens. • 5. Group 0 in the periodic table is known as the Alkali Metals. • 6.Chlorine is in the same group as iodine. • 7.Nitrogen is in the same group as oxygen. • 8.Sodium has similar chemical properties to lithium. • 9. Iodine is a liquid at room temperature. • 10. Iron is an Alkali Metal. • 11.The melting-point of silicon is 1410C. • 12.Phosphorus is a liquid at 100 C. • 13.Bromine is a solid at –10 C. • 14.The melting point of the Alkaline Earth Metals decreases down the group. • 15.Plutonium is a naturally occurring element. True False True False True False False True False True True False

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