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Appendicular Skeleton

Explore the detailed anatomy of the appendicular skeleton, focusing on the pectoral girdle, which includes the clavicle (collarbone) and scapula (shoulder blade). Learn about key structures like the glenoid cavity, humerus, radius, and ulna, as well as the bones of the wrist and hand. This overview provides insights into the unique features of each bone, their articulations, and muscle attachments, helping you understand the mechanics and function of the upper limb. Ideal for anatomy students and enthusiasts.

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Appendicular Skeleton

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  1. Appendicular Skeleton

  2. Pectoral Girdle • Clavicle – collarbone • Anterior attachment (?) • Posterior attachment (?) • Scapula – shoulder blades • Posterior attachment (?) • Spine – divides posterior surface into 2 sections • Coracoid process (“Corac” = ?) – curves to clavicle • Acromion process – forms tip of shoulder • Glenoid cavity (or fossa) – depression that articulates with head of humerus

  3. Label Diagrams

  4. Upper Limb • Humerus • Radius • Ulna • Carpals • Metacarpals • Phalanges

  5. Humerus • Head fits into glenoid cavity of scapula • Greater tubercle – lateral process • Lesser tubercle – more anterior process • Intertubercular groove – narrow furrow “between tubercles” • Deltoid tuberosity – v-shaped, rough area where _________ muscles attach to humerus • Olecranon fossa – posterior depression that receives an ulnar process when elbow is straightened • Coronoid fossa – anterior depression that receives a radial process when elbow is bent

  6. Radius • Shorter bone of lower arm • Located on thumb side of arm • Disc-like head articulates with humeru and with radial notch of the ulna (so your arm can rotate) • Radial tuberosity, a process below the head, provides attachment for biceps • Styloid process – at distal end; attachment for wrist ligaments

  7. Ulna • Longer than radius • Overlaps distal end of humerus posteriorly • Proximal end has a wrenchlike opening called the trochlear notch (articulates w/humerus) • Oleacronon process – top process • Coronoid process – bottom process • Radial notch – just below trochlear notch • Head – at distal end; articulates with ulnar notch of radius • Styloid process – attachment for wrist ligaments

  8. Label Diagrams

  9. Wrist • Wrist made of 8 carpal bones • “Some lovers try positions that they can’t handle.” • Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate

  10. Hand • 5 metacarpals • Numbered 1-5, starting at thumb • Bones between wrist (carpals) and fingers (?) • Rounded distal ends form knuckles • Each finger, except thumb, has 3 phalanges: • Proximal phalanx • Middle phalanx • Distal phalanx • Thumb only has no middle phalanx.

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