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VARIABLES RELATED TO ARTICULATION AND PHONOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE

VARIABLES RELATED TO ARTICULATION AND PHONOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE. I. INTRODUCTION. There are a number of variables associated with speech sound acquisition. Research: can only demonstrate correlation, not cause-and-effect-relationships. II. ENVIRONMENT.

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VARIABLES RELATED TO ARTICULATION AND PHONOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE

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  1. VARIABLES RELATED TO ARTICULATION AND PHONOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE

  2. I. INTRODUCTION • There are a number of variables associated with speech sound acquisition. • Research: can only demonstrate correlation, not cause-and-effect-relationships.

  3. II. ENVIRONMENT

  4. III.FAMILIAL AND PERSONAL FACTORS

  5. :

  6. Research shows:

  7. IV. LANGUAGE SKILLS • Many children have problems with BOTH language and articulation/phonology

  8. Phonological awareness problems may also exist • Hodson et. al. August 2002 American Journal of Speech Language Pathology:

  9. Peterson et al, 10/09 Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research

  10. Bernthal, Bankson, & Flipsen 2009:

  11. V. TONGUE THRUST • A. Introduction

  12. Orofacial Myology is:

  13. B. Characteristics of Tongue Thrust

  14. Your text page 221 says: • “Treatment for tongue thrust is not provided in many public schools unless there is also an accompanying articulation disorder.”

  15. But in the public schools…

  16. ASHA’s Position:

  17. VI. SENSORY VARIABLES • A. Oral Sensation • Looked at oral stereognosis or form recognition • B. Hearing Loss

  18. Problems found in children with significant hearing loss: (p 213):

  19. C. Auditory Discrimination

  20. VII. ANATOMIC, NEUROLOGIC, AND PHYSIOLOGIC FACTORS • A. Anatomic Structures • 1.

  21. 2. Nasopharynx (Bernthal et al., 2009)

  22. 3. Hard palate • 4. Teeth — there may be extra or supernumerary teeth (or Class I, Class II, Class III malocclusion; p. 206; please know for Test 2) • 5. Lips • 6. Tongue

  23. Unrepaired cleft lip and palate

  24. Repaired lip and palate

  25. Class II malocclusion (overbite)

  26. Class II

  27. Underbite (Class III)

  28. Open bite

  29. Open Bite Repaired

  30. Problems with the tongue may include…

  31. Ankyloglossia (tongue tie)

  32. Ankyloglossia

  33. Cancer of the tongue

  34. B. Neurological Factors • 1. Dysarthria

  35. 2. Cerebral Palsy

  36. 3. Apraxia of speech

  37. VIII MOTOR SKILLS

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