1. Definition of Hajj

1. 1. Definition of Hajj • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation • Literally: The word "Hajj" means heading for an honorable person or place. • Legally: Hajj means worshipping Allah by performing the Hajj rituals, which are defined as specific acts performed at a specific time and place in a specific way. It all begins with Abraham. He is regarded as a prophet and venerated as a zealous advocate of monotheism, as a relentless foe of idolatry and as builder of the Ka'bah, "the House of God," focal point for Muslim worship of the One God. With respect to the Hajj specifically, Abraham, his son Ishmael and his wife Hagar are central to some of its holiest rites. But the Hajj only begins with Abraham; it is affirmed by Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam, who, in making the Pilgrimage begun by Abraham, found that it had degenerated into a soulless idolatrous ritual and purged it. To Muslims this continuous monotheistic strand holding together the time of Abraham and the era of Muhammad is a symbol of the unity of God which permeates Muslim religious thought. Thus the yearning to behold, at least once in their lifetime, the pivotal Ka'bah, the center of the cosmos and Qiblah or focus of all prayer, symbolizes to a Muslim humanity's movement toward unity in the quest for God.

2. 2. Rule and Evidence • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation • Evidence from the Holy Qur'an: Allah, the Almighty, says,"Pilgrimage thereto is a duty men owe to Allah, - those who can afford the journey; but if any deny faith, Allah stands not in need of any of His creatures." • Evidence from the Prophetic Tradition: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, " (The superstructure of) Islam is founded on five (pillars): .... etc. "Among these pillars the Prophet mentioned the Hajj. The Prophet (may peace be upon him) said, " The Hajj which is accepted will receive no other reward than Paradise. “ The Prophet (may peace be upon him) said, " He who performs Hajj and neither spoke indecently not did he act wickedly would return free of sin as on the (very first) day his mother born him. "

3. 3. Hajj Requisite • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation • 1.Being a Muslim • 2.Sanity • 3.Adulthood • 4.Physical ability. • 5.A means of transport should be available along with the financial ability to afford for the journey. • 6.As for a female pilgrim she should be accompanied by her husband or an unmarriageable person

4. 4. Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation • Performing State of Ihram from Miqat: physical manifestation of the pilgrim's entering into a state of consecration. Philosopher and fool, patrician and plebeian, millionaire and beggar alike wear this unsewn garment and become indistinguishable. The social status or privileged rank of the believer are of no consequence in the sight of God. During the Pilgrimage, as a result of this simple sartorial device, neither are they of consequence in the sight of man. • Clothing: Ihraam garments (rida’ & ezar) Men cannot wear any sewn clothes • Fragrance • Sexual intercourse • Wedding • Hunting

5. 4. Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation ii. Standing by `Arafah face the Kabah and make supplications The Prophet (pbuh) said: "There is no day on which Allah frees more of His slaves from Fire than the Day of 'Arafah, and He draws near, then praises them before the angles, saying :'What do they seek?' “ “Arafah is Hajj” - . They are devoted to profound self-examination of the ends and means of a Muslim's earthly existence, to sincere supplication, to genuine repentance for one's sins, and to moving prayers for the dead and the living. At no other place and on no other occasion in his lifetime does the believer feel so intensely and confidently that he is approaching a merciful, responsive and loving God. Besides, it was on this day that the Prophet delivered the Farewell Sermon by the rocks of the Mount of Mercy to the multitudes who witnessed the first, and last, Pilgrimage made by Muhammad. Often compared with the Sermon on the Mount, the Prophet's address gives glimpses of the religious, moral and legal amalgam so characteristic of Islam.

6. 4. Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation iii Spending one night in Muzdalifah When reaching Muzdalifah pray Maghrib, then 'Ishaa, shortening it (qasr), and joining the two prayers. You may collect pebbles here. Then you sleep until Fajr. Pray Fajr at the beginning of its time

7. 4. Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation iv Spending one night in Mina This is the busiest day of Hajj. You will be doing the following Stone Jamrat al-'Aqabah,Sacrifice an animal,Shave or trim off your hair and Go to Makkah to do Tawaf & Sa'y and come back to Mena. The sacrifice of animals is in recollection of Abraham's willingness to sacrifice even his beloved son to fulfill God's command. It also symbolizes the Muslim's preparedness to part with what is dearest to him in order to attain God's pleasure. The act of sacrifice is an encapsulation of the spirit of Islam: submission to the will of God

8. 4. Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation v. Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended)

9. 4. Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation vi Throwing pebbles Throwing pebbles at three stone pillars in Mina is another commemoration of Abraham's practices. Some associate it with Satan's efforts to dissuade Abraham from sacrificing his son as commanded by God. By stoning the spots where Satan appeared to the Patriarch, the pilgrim symbolically rejects evil and disobedience to God.

10. 4. Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Definition of Hajj • Rule and Evidence • Hajj Requisite • Obligatory Acts of Hajj • Performing Ihram from Miqat • Standing by `Arafah • Spending one night in Muzdalifah • Spending one night in Mina • Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended) • Throwing pebbles • Farewell Circumambulation vii Farewell Circumambulation - "The Circling" (Tawaaf) of the Ka'bah in the vast courtyard of the Sacred Mosque in Mecca signifies that the Muslim's life must focus on unity.Tthe unity of God and mankind. Neither the Ka'bah nor the Black Stone it contains (see p. 6) are objects of worship. Although Muslims do kiss the Black Stone, this is done only to cherish the memory of the Prophet, who planted his kiss on it.

11. 1 Black Stone corner 2 Yamani corner 3 Shaami corner 4 ‘Iraqi corner The door of the Ka’ba The Black Stone 2 Zamzam Maqam Ibraheem 1 3 4 To the Safa Hijr Isma'eel Zamzam tap water Al-Masjid Al-Haraam Closed as of 2004

12. Marwah Safa Al-Masjid Al-Haraam The Haram of Makkah is the sanctified area surrounding Makkah. It was delimited by Ibraheem (pbuh) under the guidance of Jibreel (pbuh). Area of the Haram = 212 mi2 (550 Km2) Perimeter of the Haram = 79 mi (127 Km)

13. Sa’y between Safa & Marwah The ceremonial procession, or "the Running," between the hillocks of al-Safa and al-Marwa in Mecca is a reenactment of Hagar's frantic search for water for her infant Ishmael when they were lost in the desert; it commemorates the anguished love of motherhood and the decisive role of womankind in history.

14. The Black Stone • And there is in touching the Black Stone a great excellence as the Prophet said: "Allaah will raise up the Stone on the Day of Judgement, and will have two eyes with which it will see, and a tongue which it talks with, and it will give witness in favor of everyone who touched it in truth. • "And he said: "Touching the Black Stone and the Yemeni corner removes sins.“ • "The Black Stone is from Paradise, and it used to be whiter that snow, but the sins of the idolaters turned it black.“ • And he should not push and crowd to get to it according to the Prophet's saying: O`Umar, you are a strong man, so do not harm the weak, and when you wish to touch it, then when it become free then touch it, and if not then face it and say takbeer

15. Maqam Ibraheem • Traces of the feet of Prophet Ibraheem (‘alaihi assalam) as seen inside the structure.

16. Zamzam • After praying you go to Zamzam and drink from it, and pour some of the water on your head. Old picture of the Well of Zamzam

17. Salat in Jama’a

18. Hajj Step by Step - Summary • Ihraam - الإحرام • Mena (8 Dhu-l Hijjah) - منى • Arafah (9 Dhu-l Hijjah) - عرفة • Muzdalifah (9 Dhu-l Hijjah – night) - مزدلفة • Mena (10 Dhu-l Hijjah): • Ramy (throw pebbles at Jamrat Al-’Aqabah) - الرمي • NaHr (sacrifice) - النحر • Halq (shave hair of the head) - الحلق أو التقصير • Makkah (10 Dhu-l Hijjah): • Tawaf Al-IfaDah - طواف الإفاضة • Sa’y between Safa and Marwa - السعي بين الصفا و المروة • Mena (11, 12 and 13 Dhu-l Hijjah): • Ramy (throw pebbles at the 3 Jamarat) - الرمي • Makkah (last day) • Tawaf Al-Wada’ (Farewell tawaf) - طواف الوداع

19. Hajj Sites Approximate distances • Makkah – Mena: • 5 mi (8 km): road • 2.8 mi (4.5 km): tunnel • Mena – Muzdalifah: • 2 mi (3.3 km) • 3.7 mi (6 km): from the jamarat to the end of Muzdalifah • Muzdalifah – Arafah: • 5.6 mi (9 km) • Mena and Muzdalifah are adjacent to each other.

20. 3 - Day of Arafah - 9th • Arrive in Arafah before or around Duhr on the 9th • Pray Duhr and Asr combined with Qasr early in the time of Duhr • Spend the day in supplication and remembrence of Allah • Leave Arafah for Muzdalifah after sunset 2 - Mena - 8th • Arrive in Mena in the morning • Spend the day and night there • Pray Duhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha and Fajr in their time with Qasr • Leave Mena for Arafah after sunrise (9th) 2 1 7 3 4 1 Mena 5 4 - Muzdalifah - 10th • Arrive in Muzdalifah at night • Pray Maghrib and Isha combined with Qasr • Sleep the night until Fajr • Pray Fajr early in its time & then make dhikr • Leave Muzdalifah for Mena shortly before sunrise 6 8 - Makkah – Last Day • Perform Tawaf al-Wadaa' (farewell Tawaf) • Make it the last thing you do in Makkah Muzdalifah 5 - Mena - 10th • Arrive in Mena in the morning • Go to Jamrat al-Aqabah and stone it with 7 pebbles • Slaughter your animal • Shave or trim off your hair • First taHallul: Take off Ihraam towels. All restrictions lifted except sexual intercourse • Take a shower and put on normal clothes. • Go to Makkah for Tawaf al-Ifaadah Arafah 7 - Mena - 11th, 12th & 13th • Spend the days of Tashreeq and their nights in Mena • Stone the 3 Jamarat every day between Duhr and Maghrib • You may leave on the 12th after stoning and before sunrise if you wish 6 - Makkah - 10th • Proceed to al-Masjid al-Haraam • Perform Tawaf al-Ifaadah • Perform Sa'y • Full taHallul: All restrictions lifted • Go back to Mena 1 - Ihraam • Assume Ihraam for a Meeqat or your residence if you are in Makkah • Clean yourself and take a shower • Put on two Ihraam garments & slippers/sandals • Pray two rak'as or a prescribed salaat • Make intention and say "labbayk Allahumma Hajjaa" • Recite Talbiyah • Go to Mena Hajj Summary Meeqat