Social 9-Immigration History (Did we learn from our mistakes?)

1. Social 9-Immigration History(Did we learn from our mistakes?) Student Name:__________________ Use this power point to guide your reading of the first part of this Unit.

2. Immigration Issues past and present Information • Canada’s immigration policies in the past have included _________practices and policies that either did not allow, or placed ________ on, immigration of peoples from some _________ and parts of the world. • Your thoughts? __________________ _________________________________

3. THE KOMAGATA MARU • In April 1914 a __________-owned freighter chartered out of Hong Kong, named the Komagata Maru, set out for Canada with 376 Punjabis, mostly Sikhs, on board. • At that time, all ______ Indians were forbidden by law to enter Canada except by direct passage from India. • Since no steamship line provided direct service from India, this effectively _______ immigration. • Before the Canadian government closed this door in 1908, about 2000 _________ had already settled in British Columbia.

4. Cont.. • In 1913, 38 Sikhs contested the “continuous-passage” law and were __________. This encouraged others to charter the Komagata Maru. • When the ship arrived at Vancouver in May 1914, most of the passengers were ____________ on board. • They were forced to live on the crowded ship for ___________while immigration officials manoeuvred to keep them from landing. • They lost their appeal in court and on July 23 the Komagata Maru sailed for Calcutta, India. • There it was met by police suspicious of the organizers’ politics. • Twenty of the passengers were _______and __________.

5. Cont.. • The Komagata Maru illustrates the deep opposition of Canadians in the early 20th century to immigration from Asia. • My thoughts on this: __________________________________________________________________________________

6. More exclusionary policies • 1923, the _________ Immigration Act required people of Chinese descent to register with the government. This slowed Asian immigration dramatically. • 1924, _______ immigrants were not allowed to enter Canada as they were considered unable to live in Canada’s climate. Thoughts about this: ___________________________________________________

7. Exclusionary policies cont.. • 1928, the government allowed only 150 Japanese people to immigrate to Canada each year. • Between 1930 and 1935, during the Great Depression, more restrictive policies allowed only three Chinese people to successfully immigrate into Canada.

8. Exclusionary policies • The St. Louis incident: Jewish refugees aboard the ocean liner St. Louis attempted to find refuge in Canada in 1939, after unsuccessfully seeking entry to Cuba, South and Central America and the United States. • The Canadian government refused asylum for the ship’s crew and passengers. • The ship returned to Europe where Belgium, the Netherlands, England and France admitted the passengers. • Hundreds of those admitted to Belgium, France and the Netherlands eventually fell victim to the Nazis when Germany overran Western Europe.

9. First Nations and Immigration • Resolution 49 from the Assembly of First Nations raises the concerns of some First Nations that, before resources are allocated to immigration, Canada should address outstanding issues related to honouring treaty rights and access to resources for First Nations communities, some of which have developing world (”Third World”) conditions. My thoughts on this: ____________________________________________________________________________________

10. Continued • The Assembly of First Nations accuses the Government of Canada of failing to consult with them about __________ as required by the Treaties. • The Government of Canada’s perspective is that this is not a Treaty issue.

11. Key Issues: attracting the right immigrants • Canada has a low birth rate and an aging population. • By 2011 immigration will likely account for all net labour force growth. • By 2031, immigration may well account for most population growth.

12. Tables • The following tables show the sources of current immigrants, the cities • they go to nationally and in Alberta. Note: in the final two tables, the • figures for 2006 only cover the first three quarters, not the entire year.

13. Immigration charts • Conclusions from charts: • #1-_____________________________________________________________ • #2-_____________________________________________________________ • #3-_____________________________________________________________

14. Canada Immigration Charts • Notes (generalization) from charts shown: ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________

15. conclusions • The tables show that settlement of immigrants throughout Canada is disproportionate, in particular to the big cities of Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver, not necessarily where the jobs are. Why do immigrants settle in big cities then? ________________________________________________________________ What can the government do to change this? ________________________________________

16. What Government has done to solve this issue As of 2007, the federal government and Alberta’s government have signed special immigration agreements to attract more workers to Alberta: • The province’s goal is to see at least 10% of new immigrants to Canada settle in Alberta. Under the deal: – Alberta will be able to nominate more immigrants with needed labour skills for quicker processing by the federal government; – a new pilot project will expedite the entry of some foreign health-care professionals who have applied to work in Alberta; – Canada and Alberta will cooperate in overseas immigration marketing initiatives; – Ottawa promises to make it easier and quicker for Alberta to get needed foreign workers.

17. Conclusions or information for my visual What I learned about the importance of the 4 factors: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________