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Understanding Data Representation: Measurement Systems and Time Models in Computing

This lecture explores two critical areas of data representation: measurement systems and data in computing. Key topics include different types of measurement for spatial location, attribute data types (categorical, ordinal, interval, ratio), and their real-world existence. It also covers the basics of data representation in computers, focusing on binary coding and the ASCII table. The lecture addresses questions about the differences between attribute types, spatial topology in GIS, linear and cyclical time models, and computer file representations through practical examples and readings.

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Understanding Data Representation: Measurement Systems and Time Models in Computing

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  1. Lecture 04: Data Representation (II) Topics 1. Measurement Systems: Attribute: Data Types Topology: Geometric Elements Time: Time Schemes 2. Data in Computer: Readings on the topics Chapter 3 in the text, pp. 63 – 70 Other Readings Chapter 2 in Bonham-Carter’s (1994), pp. 39-43 Chapter 3 in Burrough and McDonnell (1998), pp. 35-39

  2. Lecture 04: Data Representation (II) 1. Measurement Systems: 1.1 Spatial Location: Coordinate Systems 1.2 Measuring Attribute Data: Attribute data types A. Real world existence: Character and Numerical B. Representation: Character – String of characters or Integer Numerical – Integer or Real (Floating Point) C. Power of Measurement: Nominal Ordinal Interval Ratio

  3. 1.3 Measuring Topology: Geometric Elements A. Basic Elements: Point Line (Arc) Polygon B. Their Relations: Within Neighboring Part of 1.4 Measuring Time: Model of Time A. Linear B. Cyclical

  4. 2. Data in Computer: 2.1 Basic representation - Binary 2.2 Coding data: [The ASCII Table]

  5. Questions 1. What is the main difference between a categorical attribute and an ordinal attribute? What is the main difference between an ordinal attribute and an interval attribute? 2. What is spatial topology? How is it captured in GIS? 3. What is a linear time model and what is a cyclical time model? 4. How does a computer represent 11? 5. Why can I read some files using MS notepad but not other files?

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