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WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI) PHASE 2 PI MEETING: FIELD PROJECT OVERVIEW

WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI) PHASE 2 PI MEETING: FIELD PROJECT OVERVIEW Jacqueline M. Grebmeier SBI Project Office, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee, 37932, USA USCGC Healy Seattle, Washington January 29-30, 2000 http://sbi.utk.edu. SBI Goal and Focus.

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WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI) PHASE 2 PI MEETING: FIELD PROJECT OVERVIEW

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  1. WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI) PHASE 2 PI MEETING: FIELD PROJECT OVERVIEW Jacqueline M. Grebmeier SBI Project Office, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee, 37932, USA USCGC Healy Seattle, Washington January 29-30, 2000 http://sbi.utk.edu

  2. SBI Goal and Focus • Overall hypothesis: climate change will significantly and preferentially impact the physical and biological linkages between arctic shelves and the adjacent ocean basins • Focus area: • outer shelf, shelf break and upper slope, where key processes control water mass exchange and biogeochemical cycles • greatest responses to climate change are expected • US SBI: focus is Chukchi and Beaufort seas and slopes

  3. General schematic of SBI study area and research topics

  4. SBI PHASE II PROJECTS-PI/CO-PI'S (n=42) AND PROJECT TITLES (n=14) Ashjian, Carin-WHOI, Gallager, Scott-WHOI, and Gallagher, Scott-LSU, “Collaborative Research: Shelf-Basin Exchange of Biogenic Material Between the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas” Christensen, John, and Devol, Allan-UW, “Collaborative Proposal: Denitrification and Sediment Nutrient Dynamics in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas” [summer 2002 and spring 2004] Dirks, Richard-JOSS/UCAR, and Moore, James-JOSS/UCAR, “Data Management Support for Western Arctic SBI Phase II” Gradinger, Rolf-UAF and Eicken, Hajo-UAF, “Physical-biological control of primary production in Beaufort and Chukchi Sea ice: Its contribution to shelf-basin interactions in the western Arctic” Grebmeier, Jackie-UTK, Cooper, Lee-UTK, Cota, Glenn-ODU, Dunton, Kenneth-UTX, Kirchman, Dave-UDL, Maslowski, Wieslaw-NPS, Moran, Bradley-URI, and Walsh, John J.-USF, “Collaborative SBI Research: Carbon Cycling in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas-Field and Modeling Studies” Hansell, Dennis-U Miami, and Bates, Nicholas-BBS, “Collaborative Research: Transport and Transformations of Carbon and Nitrogen in the Western Arctic Ocean: A Contribution to the SBI Project” Harvey, Roger-UMD, Macdonald, Robie-IOS, and Benner, Ronald-USC, “Collaborative Research: Biogeochemical Cycling of Particulate and Dissolved Organic Matter in the Arctic Ocean using Molecular Markers” Kadko, David-U Miami, “Investigation of the Rate of Shelf-Basin Interaction in the Western Arctic Using Radium Isotopes: SBI Phase II” Sherr, Evelyn-OSU, Sherr, Barry-OSU, Campbell, Robert-URI, and Ashjian, Carin-WHOI, “Collaborative Research: Mesozooplankton-Microbial Food Web Interactions in Western Arctic Shelf and Basin Regions” Smith, Sharon-U Miami, and Fell, Jack-U Miami, “Shelf-Basin Exchange of Large-Bodied Zooplankton [Copepods] in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas” [summer 02, spring and summer 2004]] Swift, James-SIO, Codispoti, Lou-UMD, Flagg, Charles-BNL, Whitledge, Terry-UAF, Stockwell, Dean-UAF, Padman, Laurence-E&SR, Münchow, Andreas-UDE, “Collaborative Research: CTD/Hydrographic and Underway Service Measurements for the Shelf-Basin Interactions Phase II Field Project” _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 projects not on Healy; mooring on Polar Star, VECO lead on winter helicopter survey Christensen, John-Bigelow Lab, and Melling, Humprey-IOS, “Mesoscale Nutrient Structures in the Northern Chukchi and Beaufort Seas in Several Seasons” Pickart, Robert-WHOI, “Dynamics of Exchange in the Beaufort Sea Boundary Current System: Implications for Interior Ventilation” Weingartner, Thomas-UAF, Aagaard, Knut-UW, and Woodgate, Rebecca-UW, “Collaborative Research: The Fate of a Large and Strongly Forced Arctic Shelf Outflow: Physical and Biochemical Process Studies”

  5. SBI Field Program • 2002 and 2004 • USCGC HEALY • 6 May-15 June (Nome-Nome, AK) • 17 July-26 August (Nome-Nome, AK) • USCGC POLAR STAR • July (Dutch Harbor-return, AK) RV ALPHA HELIX • 23-27 June (Dutch Harbor-Nome, AK) 2003 USCGC/TBD • 1-30 July (Nome-Nome, AK) RV ALPHA HELIX • September USCGC HEALY USCGC POLAR STARSEA USCGC POLAR STAR RVALPHA HELIX RV ALPHA HELIX

  6. SBI Phase II-Field Program

  7. SBI Service Field Measurements • SERVICE FIELD MEASUREMENTS: (Swift et al.): • CTD-based temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen measurements (Swift) • Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data (Padman, Münchow) • In situ-fluorescence and transmissivity • Photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) measurements • Rosette for discrete water sampling • Determination of inorganic nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, dissolved silicon, ammonium) (Whitledge, Codispoti), chlorophyll-a (Whitledge & Stockwell), salinity, and dissolved oxygen (Swift) • Underway surface observations, including temperature, salinity and meteorological data (Swift et al.)

  8. Service Program CTD Rosette: Swift et al.; 4 casts with two 12-10L and two 12-30L bottle configurations

  9. SBI Process Studies-Water Column (10 projects, plus service measurements) RATE MEASUREMENTS FOR PROCESS CRUISES(details in SBI water column sampling spreadsheet in meeting folder) • Primary production, nutrient uptake, biomass, pigments, optics (Cota) • Stable oxygen isotopes (Cooper) • POC/N, DOC/N, DIC (Hansell and Bates) • Bacterial production, biomass, respiration (Kirchman) • Microzooplankton biomass and grazing (Sherr and Sherr) • Biomarkers (Harvey and Benner) • Sediment metabolism (Grebmeier) • Denitrification (Christensen/Devol) • Radium isotopes (Kadko) • POC/N export, flux, w/thorium, lead, and radium isotopes (Moran)

  10. Active optical sensor Passive optical sensor Glenn Cota: primary production, optics, satellite

  11. On deck incubator for dilution assays ~ 36 inches Inflow buffer ~ 52 inches Lexan tube, 6” diameter x 22 “ long, holes drilled in sides to allow water flow Ashjian, Campbell, Sherr(s)-zooplankton

  12. Deck incubators for zooplankton studies Seawater hoses out Wooden base Seawater hoses in

  13. Clear hinged lexan top with hinges to keep water in ~ 12 inches high Zooplankton component-deck incubator

  14. SBI-Macro/Meso Zooplankton Field Studies (4 projects) • Macro-zooplankton biomass and production (Ashjian and Campbell, Smith and Lane) • Zooplankton abundance via sensors on CTD (Ashjian, Gallagher & Benfield) • C-13, N-15 stable isotope analyses of macro/meso-zooplankton (Dunton)

  15. Ring Net • Carin Ashjian/Bob Campbell (zooplankton) • Our ring nets will be ~1m in diameter and up to 6 m long • Used for • Vertical tows (ship stationary) • Oblique tows (ship moving) • Used off the side of the ship

  16. Bongo Nets • Sharon Smith/Peter Lane (zooplankton) • Deployed off the side • Towed either vertically (ship stationary; ice) or obliquely (ship moving; no ice)

  17. MOCNESS • Deployed off stern using 0.68” conducting wire MOCNESS ready on deck MOCNESS being deployed

  18. SBI Benthic Field Studies (5 projects • Benthic macrofaunal biomass (Grebmeier) • C-13, N-15 of benthic fauna (Dunton) • Benthic metabolism (Grebmeier and Cooper) • Denitrification (Christensen and Devol) • Biomarkers, sediment DOC flux w/Grebmeier (Harvey and Benner) • Sedimentation rates and mixing: Th-234, Pb-210 (Moran)

  19. Van Veen (Grebmeier and Cooper)

  20. HAPS Corer HAPS Multicorer

  21. Coring sectioning and Canning

  22. Multi-corer, Soutar core, and off-ice mini-lander (John Christensen and Al Devol)

  23. SBI Off-ship Field Studies • denitrification/sediment metabolism (Christensen and Devol) • sea ice algal production and physical properties(Gradinger and Eicken) • off-ship access needed for both projects: deployment on ice at start of station via basket or helicopter operations, as necessary; if by helicopter, possible coordination with USWFS objectives

  24. Ice sampling: ice algae and properties (Rolf Gradinger and Hajo Eicken)

  25. Marine Mammals and Seabird Surveys-USFWS/NMML • Spring 2002: Marc Webber (USFWS) • bird and marine mammal surveys from bridge (spring cruise only) • coordinate/assist with Hajo Eicken’s ice observations • opportunistically test images on helo missions when time, ice, walrus observed [note spring helo ops limited: marine mammal hunt issues] Summer 2002: mooring cruise-possible NMML seals surveys

  26. Data Management • JOSS (Joint Office for Science Support) responsible for both shipboard field catalog and land-based data management (Dirks & Moore) Remote Sensing • Need to provide regional and basin scale spatial and temporal coverage (needs: Cota, Gradinger & Eicken, Maslowski, Pickart, Weingartner et al.) SBI Process Studies (relevant Healy cruise)

  27. Other Core SBI Studies • Time Series Moorings • conductivity/salinity, temperature, ADCP (Weingartner, Aagaard & Woodgate, Pickart) • biochemical sensors: nutrient, chlorophyll, transmissivity (pending) • Modelling • biophysical coupled modelling: (Maslowski and Walsh) • sea-ice modelling (Gradinger and Eicken) • Winter sampling • helicopter study (Christensen & Melling) • April 2003 US Navy ice camp

  28. Why Would A Teacher Participate? • Research takes the teacher and the classroom beyond the textbook science.• Inquiry-based experiences that show science as a human endeavor, and the relevance of science to societal issues.• Science will come “alive” in the classroom.

  29. SBI port: Nome, Alaska

  30. SBI PIs arrive Nome: May 4 (spring)/July 14 (summer) Healy arrives Nome/PIs board: May 5 (spring)/July 15 (summer) Healy departs Nome: May 6/7 (spring)/July 16/17 (summer) Healy returns Nome: June 15 (spring)/Aug. 26 (summer) PIs depart ship: June 15 (spring)/Aug. 26 (summer) • cargo to Healy: April 1-20 • lab set-up April 15-20

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