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Chemistry

Chemistry. Chapter 22 Hydrocarbons Notes #1. Organic Chemistry. Branch of Chemistry “organic” Scientists used to think that only animals or plants could produce these substances Scientists can now create “organic” compounds in labs without any help from plants or animal products

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Chemistry

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  1. Chemistry Chapter 22 Hydrocarbons Notes #1

  2. Organic Chemistry • Branch of Chemistry • “organic” • Scientists used to think that only animals or plants could produce these substances • Scientists can now create “organic” compounds in labs without any help from plants or animal products • Carbon Chemistry!

  3. Hydrocarbons • Composed of only C and H • Carbons are all linked together in a “Carbon Chain” • The Hydrogen's are “Terminal Atoms” • Attached to the carbons • Review – parts of nucleus • How many bonds can carbon make? • Hydrogen? • Type of bond between 2 C’s, 2 H’s, or C & H?

  4. Representing Molecules • Molecular Formula • Ex. CH4 • Ex. H2O Structural/ Lewis Formula Ball & Stick Model Space Filling Model

  5. Alkanes • Hydrocarbons where all C’s are making bonds with 4 other atoms • Saturated Hydrocarbons • Ea. C is bonded to max # of atoms • Molecular Formula for Alkanes • CnH2n+2 • “n” = the # of C’s in the chain

  6. Prefixes 1. Meth- 2. Eth- 3. Prop- 4. But- 5. Pent- Page 700…. 6. Hex- 7. Hept- 8. Oct- 9. Non- 10. Dec- Alkanes

  7. Alkanes • Straight Chain Alkanes • Each C is only bonded to one or 2 other C’s • Put pencil down and draw a line through it • Examples:

  8. Alkanes • Branched Chain Alkanes • At least one C is bonded to at least 3 other C’s • Also called “ISOMERS” • Same formula = different shape = different properties • Naming them • Longest straight chain (pencil line) • Name attachments • Methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl…etc…

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