Presentation Transcript

1. “GREEN DAYS 2012”16-23 July 2012, Novi Sad, Serbia

   Enn Õunapuu Seniorresearchscientist Smart Green Microgrid Solutions for Buildings
2. Estonia has a population of just 1.3 million but is larger than Denmark or Holland. The Estonian language is a nightmare tolearn. In winter it gets very cold and we get plenty of beautiful snow.  Estonia is almost 50% forest. Tallinn is our medieval capital and by far the biggest city, with a population of around 400,000. Tartu, with 100,000 people, is our young yet timeless university town. Estonia has over 1,500 islands.
3. Lectureplan Tallinn UniversityofTechnology SmartGrid Microgrids Technologycomponentsofsmartgrids Sensor and actornetworks SelfOrganization Enterpriseservicebustechnology Estonian energyinitiatives
4. Tallinn UniversityofTechnology
5. Tallinn UniversityofTechnology (1918) Public university Second biggest university in Estonia Only technical university in Estonia Fully accredited programs Modern facilities and computer labs, free wifi Campus university with newly renovateddormitories Tallinn Science Park withmorethan 200 high-techcompanies
6. TUT innumbers Date of establishment: 1918 8 faculties 35 departments and 112 chairs 10 affiliated institutions, including 4 regional colleges 3 languages: Estonian, Russian and English 14 500 students, about 800 foreign students 2100 employees, of which 1 150 are academic staffmembers Entrepreneurialuniversity, lessthan 50 % resourcesfromgovernment
7. 8 Faculties and 4 colleges ca 14 000 students: BA, MA, PHD 1. Chemistry and Materials Technology 2. Civil Engineering 3. Social Sciences 4. Information Technology 5. Mechanical Engineering 6. Power Engineering 7. School of Economics and Business Administration 8. Faculty of Science Colleges and research centres: 4 colleges in different cities 9 faculty research centres
8. R&D institutions Institute of Geology Institute of Cybernetics Institute of Marine Systems Certification Center of TUT Technomedicum of TUT Library
9. Studyprograms at TUT Academic programs (faculties): BACHELOR3 years180 ECTS cp BACHELOR+MASTER INTEGRATED STUDIES5 years300 ECTS cp MASTER2 years120 ECTS cp DOCTORAL (PhD)4 years240 ECTS cp Professional HE programs (colleges) 3-4 years180-240 ECTS cp
10. Priority R&D areas TUT conducts fundamental research in a variety offields user-friendly information and communication technologies materials technologies chemistry, biotechnology and biomedicine sustainable power engineering
11. Traditionalelectricitysystem
12. Renewableenergy The European Union, and Estonia as a member, have prioritised an increase in the share of renewable energy in production and consumption for several reasons. The most important of these is achieving a reduction in environmental pollution, and policies to cut greenhouse gas emissions are a part of this. There are also other important considerations with which higher production and consumption of renewable energy can help, such as energy saving, more efficient production and consumption, energy security, innovation in power engineering, and the promotion of technological development. The potential for renewable energy in Estonia is strongest in wind power and bioenergy-based combined heat and power generation, and also in small-scale hydro-power.
13. SmartGrid “Smartgrid” oftenreferstothetransformationoftheelectricitydeliverysystemfrom a one-waysysteminto a two-waycommunication and energysystem, usingcomputer-basedremotecontrol and automationtomeetsophisticatedneeds at end-users. U.S. DepartmentofEnergy. "SmartGrid / DepartmentofEnergy". Retrieved 2012-07-08. http://energy.gov/oe/technology-development/smart-grid "SmartGridsEuropeanTechnologyPlatform | www.smartgrids.eu". smartgrids.eu. Retrieved 2012-07-08.
14. Components of a Smart Grid A Smart Grid comprises three major components: 1) demand management, 2) distributed electricity generation, and 3) transmission and distribution grid management.
15. 1. Demandmanagement Demand management works to reduce electricity consumption in homes, offices, and factories by continually monitoring electricity consumption and actively managing how appliances consume energy. It consists of demand-response programs, smart meters and variable electricity pricing, smart buildings with smart appliances, and energy dashboards. Combined, these innovations allow utility companies and consumers to manage and respond to the variances in electricity demand more effectively.
16. 2. Distributed Electricity Generation: Renewable energy using microgeneration devices—Already, some homes and offices find it cost-effective to produce some or all of their own electricity using microgeneration devices—small-scale energy-generation equipment designed for use in homes and offices. Microgeneration devices primarily include rooftop solar panels, wind turbines, fossil fuel cogeneration plants, and soon, PHEVs that can generate electricity for sale back to the grid. Plug-InHybridElectricVehicles
17. 3) Transmission and Distribution Grid Management Utility companies are turning to IT solutions to monitor and control the electrical grid in real time. These solutions can prolong the useful life of the existing grid, delaying major investments needed to upgrade and replace current infrastructure. Until now, monitoring has focused only on high-voltage transmission grids. Increasing overall grid reliability and utilization, however, will also require enhanced monitoring of medium- and low-voltage distribution grids.
18. TechnologycomponetsoftheSmartGrid The United Stated Department of Energy proposes that four types of technology will drive the advancement of smart grids:  Integrated, automated communication between components of the electric grid.  Sensing and measurement technologies.  Automated controls for distribution and repairs.  Improved management dashboards and decision support software.
19. Energy sensor and actornetworks To manage thisnewSmartGridsituationwe need tocreateEnergy sensor networks. Wehavetoknowhowmuchofenergyisusedindifferentcontext. Contextis: What are weatherconditions (wind, solar, temperature). Whatisenergyprice. Energyneeds. Whatmicrogeneratorswehave
20. Internet ofthings
21. Smartmetersnetwork
22. What is Self-Organization? “A process in which pattern at the global level of a system emerges solely from numerous interactions among the lower-level components of a system” (Camazineet al., 2001) “Bottom-up, rather than top-down” A newenergysystemusesSelf-Organizationprinciples
23. What isn’t self-organization? Top-down: someone in charge organizes stuff Military—general, commander Corporation—CEO Catholic church—Pope Suburban layout—architect Automotive design—designer Computer chip—engineer Fine art—artist Orchestra-conductor What is self- organization? Bottom-up: the stuff organizes itself: Biological evolution Flocks and swarms: bees, birds, whales, wolves, etc. Crowdsourcing: WWW, Wikipedia, Open Source, etc. Subsumption architecture (robotics), Molecular self-assembly (nano),
24. ESB An enterprise service bus (ESB) is a software architecture model used for designing and implementing the interaction and communication between mutually interacting software applications in Service Oriented Architecture. As a software architecture model for distributed computing it is a specialty variant of the more general client server software architecture model and promotes strictly asynchronous message oriented design for communication and interaction between applications. Its primary use is in Enterprise Application Integration of heterogeneous and complex landscapes.
25. Estonian examples OpenElectricity market Estonia Smartmetersproject Electriccars
26. TheOpenElectricity Market Estonia From 1 January 2013, all of Estonia will be buying electricity from the open market. Electricity is one of the last remaining products in Estonia that has a price that is regulated by the government, with the customer having no choice. When Estonia joined the European Union we took a step towards a market-based electricity price. An open market means that electricity customers can choose whichever seller they like. You will be able to read about EestiEnergia's new electricity packages on this page this autumn.
27. Strategy Renewable energy is not an end in itself – it must be viewed in the context of the strategic choices of Estonia’s electricity generation industry. The development plan for the Estonian electricity sector outlines the following conditions for electricity generation: The need to reduce environmental emissions from power generation; The obligation taken when Estonia joined the EU to cut SO emissions from the power plants in Narva in 2012 and 2016; The need for more sustainable use of oil shale reserves; The aim of making Estonian electricity prices more competitive through carbon emissions trading.
28. Today’ssituation Targets set in the development plan for the Estonian electricity sector, and actual results: 2010 Actual 2010 Target 2015 5,1% 9,70% 15% Renewable Energy Makes Up 16% of Estonian Power Consumption24.04.2012 16:53
29. Electriccarprojectin Estonia The deal by which the state of Estonia exchanges ten million pollution allowance units for 507 Mitsubishi i-MiEV electric cars, 250 car charging stations and capital was approved by the government on 3 March. According to the government, if the “electric car programme was implemented in full, Estonia would probably become one of the world’s leading countries with the densest and most innovative infrastructure of quick chargers and the largest number of electric cars per inhabitant”. Youcangetelectriccarwithhalfprice.
30. Literature U.S. DepartmentofEnergy. "SmartGrid / DepartmentofEnergy". Retrieved 2012-07-08. http://energy.gov/oe/technology-development/smart-grid "SmartGridsEuropeanTechnologyPlatform | www.smartgrids.eu". smartgrids.eu. Retrieved 2012-07-08. Getting Started with the Internet of Things Connecting Sensors and Microcontrollers to the Cloud By CunoPfisterPublisher: O'Reilly Media Wireless Sensor and ActuatorNetworks: Technologies, Analysis and Design [Hardcover] RobertoVerdone (Author), DavideDardari (Author), GianlucaMazzini (Author), Andrea Conti (Author) Smart Grid: Fundamentals of Design and Analysis (IEEE Press Series on Power Engineering) [Hardcover] James Momoh (Author)