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EARLY BATTLES OF THE CIVIL WAR

EARLY BATTLES OF THE CIVIL WAR. 1861-1863. Firing on Fort Sumter. When: April 12, 1861 Where: Charleston Harbor, S.C. Who: Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard Union Major Robert Anderson. Fort Sumter . What The Confederates opened fire on Union forces at 4:32 a.m.

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EARLY BATTLES OF THE CIVIL WAR

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  1. EARLY BATTLES OF THE CIVIL WAR 1861-1863

  2. Firing on Fort Sumter • When: April 12, 1861 • Where: Charleston Harbor, S.C. • Who: • Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard • Union Major Robert Anderson

  3. Fort Sumter • What • The Confederates opened fire on Union forces at 4:32 a.m. • Captain Abner Doubleday returned fire but the Union garrison was running low on all supplies • After 34 hours and only one death (a horse), Union forces surrender • Confederate Victory

  4. Battle of Bull Run • When? • July 1861 • Where? • Virginia • Who? • Confederates- • Thomas “Stonewall Jackson” • Robert E. Lee • P.G.T. Beauregard • Union – • Irwin McDowell • George C. McClellan Robert E. Lee

  5. What Happened? Union troops met Confederates near a stream named Bull Run At first the Union broke through the Confederate lines and thought they won the battle, but Confederate troops rallied behind Stonewall Jackson forcing the Union soldiers to retreat Confederates used the Rebel Yell! Confederate victory! Battle of Bull Run

  6. Battle of Bull Run • Why is it important? • Gen. Jackson receives his nickname “Stonewall” for his courage • Opens their eyes! • Both sides realize it is going to be a long and bloody war • They need to train their troops! • McClellan becomes general of Union Army (Army of the Potomac) • He is very cautious! Stonewall Jackson George McClellan

  7. Battle of Antietam • When? • September 1862 • Where? • Maryland • Lee hoped a Southern victory on Northern soil would be a huge blow to Union morale • Who? • Confederates- • Robert E. Lee • Stonewall Jackson • Union- • George McClellan

  8. What Happened? A Union soldier found Lee’s attack plan wrapped around three cigars McClellan delayed however Day-long battle resulted in more than 23,ooo casualties (killed or wounded) No clear winner Considered a Union victory Battle of Antietam Bloody Lane

  9. Battle of Antietam • Why is it important? • Bloodiest single day of the Civil War • Raised northern morale • Lincoln was waiting for Northern victory to deliver the Emancipation Proclamation • McClellan gets fired; Ambrose Burnside takes over

  10. Battle of Fredericksburg • When? • December 1862 • Where? • Virginia • Who? • Confederates- • Robert E. Lee • Stonewall Jackson • Union • Ambrose Burnside Ambrose Burnside Check out those side burns ~ get it?!

  11. What Happened? Lee’s forces dug into the crest of a hill Strong defensive position Mowed down wave after wave of attacking Union troops (Marye’s Heights) Battle of Fredericksburg

  12. Battle of Fredericksburg • Why is it important? • One of the Union’s worst defeats

  13. Battle of Chancellorsville • When? • May 1863 • Where? • Virginia • Who? • Confederates– • Robert E. Lee • Stonewall Jackson • Union – • Joseph Hooker Joseph Hooker

  14. What Happened? Took place on thickly wooded ground near Chancellorsville, VA Three day battle Confederate victory at a high price Battle of Chancellorsville

  15. Battle of Chancellorsville • Why is it important? • Stonewall Jackson is killed by friendly fire • Huge loss for the South • Lee…”I lost my right arm.”

  16. Battle of Shiloh • When? • April 1862 • Where? • Tennessee • Who? • Union – Ulysses S. Grant Ulysses S. Grant

  17. Battle of Shiloh • What Happened? • After taking Forts Henry and Donelson • Surprised by Confederate troops • After being driven back by the Confederates, Grant showed toughness and determination and beat back the Confederates to a victory

  18. Battle of Shiloh • Why is it important? • Bloody encounter • Grant appeared as a great, determined leader willing to fight • Union will go on to capture New Orleans (April 1862) and take over the Mississippi River in July 1863 by taking Vicksburg

  19. F R E D E R I C K S B U R G I R O N C L A D S C H A N C E L L O R S V I L L E F O R T S U M T E R Bu L L Run S H I L O H A N T I E T A M April 1861 April 1862 July 1861 Sept. 1862 March 1862 Dec. 1862 May 1863

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