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Unit 4 – Organization of Life

Unit 4 – Organization of Life. Life Science Spring 2013-14 Mrs. Akers. Unit 4 – Body Systems: Standards. S7L2d: Explain that tissues, organs, and organ systems serve the needs cells have for oxygen, food, and waste removal.

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Unit 4 – Organization of Life

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  1. Unit 4 – Organization of Life Life Science Spring 2013-14 Mrs. Akers

  2. Unit 4 – Body Systems: Standards • S7L2d: Explain that tissues, organs, and organ systems serve the needs cells have for oxygen, food, and waste removal. • S7L2e: Explain the purpose of the major organ systems in the human body (i.e., digestion, respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, movement, control and coordination, and for protection from disease).

  3. Unit 4 - Organization of Life • Student Learning Map • TOPIC: Organization of Life • KEY LEARNING: The human body is composed of major systems that have differing functions, but all of the systems work together. • UNIT ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How do the major body systems have different functions yet still work together?

  4. Unit 4 – Organization of Life • Student Learning Map • CONCEPT #1: Functions of body systems • LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S): • What is the function of each body system? • What are the major organs in each body system? • VOCABULARY: homeostasis, digestive, excretory, cardiovascular, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, endocrine, nervous, reproductive, lymphatic

  5. Unit 4 – Organization of Life/Body systems • HOMEOSTASIS: the maintenance of a constant and stable internal state in a changing environment. • Example: Your body getting used to the cold water after jumping into a lake. • Your body must maintain homeostasis in order for cells to get the nutrients and oxygen it needs.

  6. Unit 4 – Digestive System • FUNCTION: • Breaks down food so that it can be used by the body • Works closely with the cardiovascular and excretory systems. • Mechanical dig: where food goes(mouth>anus) • Chemical digestion: food doesn’t go. • ORGANS: • Stomach, gallbladder, liver, pancreas, small intestine • DISEASES/DISORDERS • Diabetes Gallstones • Tooth disease Ulcers Travel Pattern-Flow of Food: • Mouth-Esophagus-Stomach-Sm. Int.-Lg. Int.-Rectum-Anus

  7. Unit 4 – Excretory System • FUNCTION: • Get rid of wastes (includes urine, feces, sweat and carbon dioxide). • Similar to custodial/clean up • ORGANS: • Kidney, liver, large intestine, colon, rectum, skin • DISEASES/DISORDERS • Bladder cancer • Urinary tract infection • Kidney stones

  8. Unit 4 – Integumentary System • FUNCTION: • Covers your body and helps to protect it • Helps rid body of waste (via sweat) • PARTS/ORGANS: • Hair, Nails, Skin -> sweat glands • DISEASES/DISORDERS • Skin cancer • Eczema • Psoriasis

  9. Unit 4 – Respiratory System • FUNCTION: • Take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide gases • Works with cardiovascular & nervous system to get oxygen to the cells • ORGANS: • Lungs, alveoli (gas sacs) • DISEASES/DISORDERS • Asthma Influenza • Bronchitis Lung cancer Travel Flow of Air & Carbon Dioxide: Nose-Mouth-Throat-Windpipe-Bronchial tubes-Lungs.

  10. Unit 4 – Cardiovascular System(Also called circulatory system) • FUNCTION: • Circulates blood through the body • Helps the body maintain homeostasis • ORGANS: • Cardio= Heart, Vascular= blood vessels (capillary, artery –blood away from heart, and veins-blood to heart) • DISEASES/DISORDER • Atherosclerosis (heart disease) • High blood pressure • Heart attack

  11. Unit 4 – Blood • FUNCTION: • Is a connective tissue • Carries oxygen and nutrients • Average adult human has about 5L of blood • PARTS: • Red blood cells – carries oxygen • White blood cells – fights pathogens (virus, bacteria, infection, etc.) • Plasma - fluid part • Platelets – found in bone marrow; helps blood to clot • Travel Pattern – Blood: • Veins-RA-RV-PV-LA-LV-Aorta-Arteries (p.607)

  12. Unit 4 – Nervous System • FUNCTION: • Takes in and responds to information • Two parts: • Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) • Peripheral nervous system • ORGANS: • Brain, spinal cord • DISEASES/DISORDERS • Spinal cord injuries • Degenerative disk disease • Concussion

  13. Unit 4 – Skeletal System • FUNCTION: • Helps support and protect your organs & body • Helps muscles to cause movement • Some bones make blood cells • Human body has 206 bones • Provides structure • ORGANS: • Bones • DISEASES/DISORDERS • Osteoporosis • Bone cancer • Any type of fracture

  14. Unit 4 – Muscular System • FUNCTION: • Controls movement • Supported by the skeletal system • Works with the circulatory/cardio system during exercise • ORGANS: • Smooth, cardiac and • skeletal muscle • DISEASES/DISORDERS • Any tear or strain • Muscular dystrophy

  15. Unit 4 – Lymphatic System • FUNCTION: • Collects excess fluid and returns it to the blood • Helps the body fight pathogens (immunity) • ORGANS: • Spleen, lymph node, tonsils, appendix • DISEASES/DISORDERS • Leukemia • Allergies • arthritis • Cancer • AIDS

  16. Unit 4 –Immune System • FUNCTION: (Keeps the body Healthy) Cells and tissues responsible for fighting infections, disease, and foreign substances. Works with the lymphatic system • PARTS/Organs: B Cell (White blood cells)- Produce Antibodies (proteins) T Cell (in Thymus gland)–Attack Infected Cells Macrophage cell- digest pathogens (viruses) & activate T cells Platelets-Helps blood clot (found in bone marrow) • DISEASES/DISORDERS Aids (Infects T cells & reproduces) Allergies Rheumatoid Arthritis- attack joints Cancer

  17. Unit 4 – Endocrine System • FUNCTION: • Regulates growth, reproduction & controls homeostasis (internal stability) using hormone chemicals made by glands and cells. • Examples: reproduction or cell division • ORGANS: • Pancreas, pituitary, thyroid, adrenal gland • DISEASES/DISORDERS • Stunted growth/reproduction • Diabetes mellitus • Hyperthyroidism/Hypothyroidism • Chapter 25 (p. 671)

  18. Unit 4 – Reproductive System • FUNCTION: • Male sex cell is the sperm • Female sex cell is the egg • Produce offspring (continue the species) • Some protists (like paramecium) are one-celled & produce sexually or asexually (alone) using cilia structures for movement. • ORGANS: • Ovary, testes, or nuclei (paramecium) • DISEASES/DISORDERS: Aids • Chapter 26 -more detail during Unit 5.

  19. Unit 4 – Body Systems • Tanya went to a restaurant and ate a hamburger. Describe how Tanya used five organ systems to eat and digest her hamburger.

  20. Unit 4 – Body Systems • Dr. Charles Blagden spent 45 minutes in a room with an uncooked steak. The temperature in the room measured 126°C (260°F). What do you think happened to Dr. Blagden and the steak? Explain your answer.

  21. Unit 4 – Organization of Life • Student Learning Map • CONCEPT #2: Relationship between systems • LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S): • Which body systems work together (closely)? • How does cell division apply to the body systems? • VOCABULARY: cell division

  22. Body Systems – Real World Connections • Major health concerns for young adults (not in any order). • Drug abuse • Smoking • Stress • Teen pregnancy • Child abuse and neglect • Alcohol abuse/binge drinking • Vehicular accidents • Obesity • Lack of exercise

  23. Body Systems – Real World Connections • In your group, discuss the health concern and: • Identify body systems connected to the concern • Explain how the body system would be affected • List ways to positively address the concern

  24. Body Systems – Real World Connections • Websites • http://www.innerbody.com/image/cardov.html • Referenced Images: https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1366&bih=673&q=digestive+system+diagram&oq=Digestive+system&gs_l=img.1.1.0l10.3914.7372.0.13713.16.8.0.8.8.0.129.607.6j2.8.0....0...1ac.1.32.img..0.16.656.T9hwa6LBsvM#imgdii=_

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