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High energy Astrophysics

High energy Astrophysics. Mat Page. Mullard Space Science Lab, UCL. 2. X-ray and g -ray sources. Slide 2. 2. The X-ray / g -ray sources (the zoo). This lecture: An exhaustive inventory of X-ray sources Why they emit X-rays Where they are in the sky

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High energy Astrophysics

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  1. High energy Astrophysics Mat Page Mullard Space Science Lab, UCL 2. X-ray and g-ray sources

  2. Slide 2 2. The X-ray / g-ray sources (the zoo) • This lecture: • An exhaustive inventory of X-ray sources • Why they emit X-rays • Where they are in the sky • Where they are in the electromagnetic spectrum

  3. Slide 3 The Sun Images of the sun over its 11 year activity cycle from the Yohkoh Soft X-ray telescope X-ray luminosity 1019-1021 W

  4. Slide 4 Planets, the moon and comets Jupiter seen by Chandra Jupiter at time of Shoemaker-Levy 9 impact (Rosat) X-ray luminosity ~ 5x109 W

  5. Slide 5 Planets, the moon and comets The Moon! You can also see the X-ray background in this picture! X-ray luminosity ~ 4x106 W

  6. Slide 6 Planets, the moon and comets Comet Hyakutake! X-ray luminosities 106-109W

  7. Slide 7 Normal stars X-ray luminosities of up to 1024 W Stars in the open cluster NGC 2516 (Rosat)

  8. Slide 8 Massive stars The bright source in the centre of NGC 3606 is due to the colliding winds from massive stars X-ray luminosities of up to 1026 W

  9. Slide 9 Supernova remnants Cas-A and Tycho supernova remnants (Chandra) X-ray luminosities of up to 1030 W

  10. Slide 10 Compact stars This 5 hour time sequence from the Einstein observatory shows pulses of X-ray emission from the Crab pulsar X-ray luminosities of up to 1029 W

  11. Slide 11 Interacting binaries Interacting binaries in the globular cluster 47-Tuc X-ray luminosities of up to 1032 W

  12. Slide 12 galaxies M82 as seen by Chandra, with an optical image (in blue) superimposed in the right panel X-ray luminosities of up to 1035 W

  13. Slide 13 AGN The quasar 3C273 and its X-ray jet as seen by Chandra X-ray luminosities of up to 1039 W

  14. Slide 14 Clusters of galaxies Coma X-ray luminosities of up to 1038 W

  15. Slide 15 Luminosities (W)

  16. Slide 16 Some key points: • Surprisingly, a whole host of objects have been detected as X-ray sources. • Strong magnetic fields can accelerate particles to high velocities to produce X-ray emission, for example in the coronae of the Sun and other normal stars, and in planetary aurorae. • Fast shock waves are another source of high energy emission, for example in supernova remnants and when stellar winds collide. • The most luminous X-ray sources (AGN, clusters of galaxies, accreting binaries) are powered by gravitational potential energy.

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