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Overview

Overview. What Are Cause & Effect Diagrams? How Can They Be Used in Your Organization? How Do They work? Real World Example Try It Yourself Summary. What Are Cause & Effect Diagrams?. Cause & Effect Diagram Problem solving tool Focuses on potential causes of the problem

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Overview

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  1. Overview • What Are Cause & Effect Diagrams? • How Can They Be Used in Your Organization? • How Do They work? • Real World Example • Try It Yourself • Summary

  2. What Are Cause & Effect Diagrams? • Cause & Effect Diagram • Problem solving tool • Focuses on potential causes of the problem • Created by Kaoru Ishikawa • Also known as Ishikawa or Fishbone diagrams

  3. How Can They Be Used in Your Organization? • Incredibly versatile – can be used in any orgainization • Helpful in many situations • Product/process problems • Departmental conflicts • Team conflicts • Employee/Interpersonal conflicts

  4. How Do They Work?Slide 1 of 8 • There are 5 steps to designing a Cause & Effect Diagram • Step 1: • Identify the main problem • Write problem in box at right-hand side of page

  5. How Do They Work?Slide 2 of 8

  6. How Do They Work?Slide 3 of 8 • Step 2: • Draw a long arrow across page pointing at box • Draw smaller arrows pointing at main arrow • Draw a box at the end of each arrow • Identify 4 major causes of problem • Write the major causes in the boxes

  7. How Do They Work?Slide 4 of 9 • It may not be easy to develop 4 main causes • In this case 4 generic causes can be used • Machines • Materials • Methods • People

  8. How Do They Work?Slide 5 of 9

  9. How Do They Work?Slide 6 of 9 • Step 3: • Consider other causes, including possible causes of the 4 major causes stated in Step 2 • Add these as branches off of the 4 arrows • Repeat until all causes are discovered

  10. How Do They Work?Slide 7 of 9

  11. How Do They Work?Slide 8 of 9 • Step 4: • Rank the top causes by priority • Employees have 10 points • They can assign the points to causes they feel are important • Total the points for each cause • Rank the causes by their priority

  12. How Do They Work?Slide 9 of 9 • Step 5: • Choose the top ranked causes • Not more than 5 • Analyze the causes • Develop a plan of action

  13. Real World ExampleSlide 1 of 5 • Problem: company network is down

  14. Real World ExampleSlide 2 of 5 • 4 major causes: • Hardware problem • Software problem • Employee problem • Outside problem

  15. Real World ExampleSlide 3 of 5

  16. Real World ExampleSlide 4 of 5 • Sub-causes • Hardware • Server crash, broken hub • Software • Virus, missing driver • Employee • Inexperience with system • Outside • Power outage, hacker

  17. Real World ExampleSlide 5 of 5

  18. Try It YourselfSlide 1 of 2 • Problem: Department’s sales figures declining the past 3 months • Groups of 3-5 people • Identify 4 possible major causes • Fill in the Cause & Effect Diagram • Rank top causes • Suggest a possible plan of action

  19. Try It YourselfSlide 2 of 2 • What were your 4 main causes? • What were your top ranked causes? • What was your suggested plan of action?

  20. Summary • Cause & Effect Diagrams • Incredibly useful tools • Wide variety of situations • Easy to use

  21. Bibliography • Donndelinger, Deborah. Use the cause-and-effect diagram to manage conflict. Quality Progress. v29 n6. Jun 1996. p.136 • Foster, S. Thomas. Managing Quality: an integrative approach. Prentice Hall, NJ. p. 286-287

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