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The Church

Explore the structure of the early Church, the split into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox, and the rise of monasticism. Learn about key figures, such as the Apostles and early Fathers of the Church, and their teachings.

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The Church

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  1. Chapter 13.3 The Church

  2. Churches • Small groups of Christians who lived together, shared goods, and held worship services • Apostles • Followers chosen by Jesus to preach his message • Gospel – the teachings of Jesus

  3. Church Structure • Influenced by the Roman Government • Parish – local church • Priest – leader of the parish • Diocese – a group of parishes in a certain area • Bishop – leader of a diocese • Archbishop – leader of churches or a diocese in a large city • Patriarch – The five leading Bishops • Pope – Archbishop of Rome; claimed authority over the other • Archbishop of Constantinople – became the leader of the Greek churches in the eastern half of the Roman empire

  4. The Split • The Catholic church split into two groups • 1. Roman Catholic Church • Latin speaking churches in the western half of the empire • Pope was the head • 2. Eastern Orthodox Church • Greek speaking churches in the eastern half of the empire • Patriarch of Constantinople was the head

  5. Early Fathers of the Church • Jerome • Translated the old and new testaments into Latin • His translations was called the Vulgate • Official Bible of the Roman Catholic Church • Augustine • City of God – defended Christianity against those who said Rome would not have fallen if it accept Christianity

  6. Terms and Monasteries • New Testament –Christian scriptures • Doctrine – official teachings of the church decided on at councils or meetings of bishops • Heresy – false doctrines not accepted by the church • Hermits – people who moved into the wilderness to live and pray alone in order to get closer to God

  7. Basil • Said Hermits should live together near a city so they could do good deeds and be an example for others • Monks • Men who live in a religious community • Monasteries – a community of Monks • Nuns • Women who live in a religious community • Convent – a community of Nuns • Abbot • Leader of a monastery

  8. Rules for the Monasteries • Basilian Rule – made by Basil for Eastern Orthodox monks • Benedictine Rule – made by Benedict for Roman Catholic monks • Give up possessions, wear plain clothes, can not marry, obey the Abbot

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