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Obesity

Obesity. Obesity Defined. Males: 25% body fat or greater. Females: 35% body fat or greater A high percentage of body fat increases one’s risk for disease. Overweight indicates too much body weight for a given height and frame.

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Obesity

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  1. Obesity

  2. Obesity Defined • Males: 25% body fat or greater • Females: 35% body fat or greater • A high percentage of body fat increases one’s risk for disease.

  3. Overweightindicates too much body weight for a given height and frame. Obesity refers to an over-fat level that brings with it increased risks of serious and fatal diseases. A person can be overweight without being obese.

  4. Genetics and Obesity • Inherited traits account for approximately 25% of obesity. • Lifestyle accounts for the rest. • Physical activity—energy expenditure • Nutrition—energy consumption or intake 75 % Choice!!!

  5. Energy Balance + - = Positive Energy Balance Caloric consumption greater than caloric expenditure = weight gain. Negative Energy Balance Caloric consumption less than caloric expenditure = weight loss. Neutral Energy Balance Caloric consumption equals caloric expenditure = no weight change.

  6. Android and Gynoid Obesity ANDRIOD Apple shape More body fat in chest & belly area. “beer belly” GYNIOD Pear shape More body fat below the waist.

  7. Creeping Obesity Gradual and consistent weight gain. 1.5 Lbs/year= 40 Lbs in 25 years

  8. The Magnitude of the Obesity Problem

  9. Health Problems and Obesity Colon, breast, Ovarian, uterus, Prostate cancer 3x risk for diabetes Depression Self esteem Twice as Likely to have high BP Doubles the Chance of Pre-mature death

  10. Gout is caused by too much uric acid in the blood, it may form hard crystals in your joints. Your chances of getting gout are higher if you are overweight, drink too much alcohol, or eat too much meat and fish that are high in chemicals. idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a disorder of elevated spinal fluid pressure in the brain. PTC is a condition important to recognize because it may lead to progressive loss of vision over time – which may be permanent. Dyslipidemia is an abnormal amount of lipids (e.g. cholesterol and/or fat) in the blood. In developed countries, most dyslipidemias are hyperlipidemias; that is, an elevation of lipids in the blood. This is often due to diet and lifestyle Phlebitis or Venitis is the inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs. It most commonly occurs in superficial veins.

  11. Body Composition Lean Tissue Fat Tissue • Muscle • Bone • Connective tissue • Organs 1 Lb of muscle takes up less space that 1Lb of fat • Subcutaneous fat • Internal fat (android obesity)

  12. Methods of Determining Body Composition Lab Methods Field Methods • Underwater weighing • Bioelectric impedance • Ultrasound • X-Rays • MRI • Body mass index (BMI) • Skinfold measurements • Circumference measurements

  13. Sample of body composition

  14. American Heart Association standards: • Males: less than 1.0 • Females: less than .80 Waist/Hip Ratio • Related to android obesity and internal body fat • Waist circumference divided by the hip circumference

  15. 160 pounds  .25 = 40 pounds of fat weight (continued) Calculating Body Weight Components and a Desirable Body Weight Kate: height—5’7; weight—160 pounds; percent body fat—25%; desired percent body fat—20% 1. Determine her fat weight by multiplying her body weight by her percent body fat.

  16. Calculating Body Weight Components and a Desirable Body Weight 2. Find her fat-free weight by subtracting her fat weight from her total weight. 160 pounds – 40 pounds of fat weight = 120 pounds of fat-free weight 3. Figure her goal for fat-free mass by subtracting her goal for her body fat from 100%. 100% – 20%body fat = 80% fat-free mass (continued)

  17. Calculating Body Weight Components and a Desirable Body Weight 4. Find her body weight goal by dividing her current fat-free mass by her new fat-free mass goal. 120 pounds ÷ .80 = 150 pounds 5. Determine her fat loss goal by subtracting her body weight goal from her current weight. 160 pounds – 150 pounds = 10 pounds fat loss

  18. Remember the Principle of Individuality Everyone’s body is different and you cannot compare yourself to others!! Strive for personal health and wellness. Frasca

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