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RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SIBERIAN BRANCH BAIKAL INSTITUTE OF NATURE MANAGEMENT

RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SIBERIAN BRANCH BAIKAL INSTITUTE OF NATURE MANAGEMENT. OBJECTS , RESULTS AND MECHANISMS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN STUDIES OF THE SELENGA RIVER AND BAIKAL LAKE. BRINGING TOGETHER SELENGA-BAIKAL RESEARCH. Corresponding-member RAS A.K.TULOKHONOV.

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RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SIBERIAN BRANCH BAIKAL INSTITUTE OF NATURE MANAGEMENT

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  1. RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SIBERIAN BRANCH BAIKAL INSTITUTE OF NATURE MANAGEMENT OBJECTS, RESULTS AND MECHANISMS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN STUDIES OF THE SELENGA RIVER AND BAIKAL LAKE BRINGING TOGETHER SELENGA-BAIKAL RESEARCH Corresponding-member RAS A.K.TULOKHONOV Geneva – October 2012

  2. I. Baikal – World natural heritage site

  3. UNESCO certificate recognizing the Lake Baikal on theWorld Heritage List

  4. Value of the Baikal lake for humanity For society • The largest fresh water reservoir of the planet – 23 thousand cubic km • - depth – 1637 m • width - 30-70 km • length- 620 km • age- 25 million years • area 30500 sq. km • Contact zone of the western and eastern cultures • Christians • Buddhists For science • Objects of study: • seismicity • volcanism • formation of oil, gas and gas hydrates • endemics (seal and golomyanka) • fluctuations of lake level • paleoclimate • contact of cultures of West and East • future ocean

  5. CONVENTIONAL SIGNS - boundaries of the Lake Baikal - boundaries of the world natural heritage site - boundaries of the Baikal natural territory COMPARISON OF THE SIZES OF THE LAKE BAIKAL AND BAIKAL PART OF THE WORLD NATURAL HERITAGE WITH THE SIZES OF THE EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

  6. Biodiversity of the Baikal Lake

  7. The water of Baikal If a Frenchman would drink a day for 10 liters of water 60000000 ×10 liters× 365 days× 100 years = 21900000000000 liters or 21,9 cubic km It is 1,1 meters above the Baikal Lake 1 liter – 1 dollar = 100 billion dollars

  8. II. Selenga – the river for international cooperation Selenga – Baikal – Angara – Enisej (6 т.км.) R U S S I A Enisej Angara Lena Kazakhstan Mongolia China

  9. Use of transboundary natural resources Migration of population Ecology of Ulan-Bator Other problems Sustainable development of the Baikal Asia (basin of the Selenga River) Tourist and recreational potential Agriculture Mining industry Key areas of cooperation

  10. Areas of cooperation Use of transboundary natural resources Problems: - Quality of monitoring of the state of the environment - Lack of legal documents - Lack of programs on joint use of natural resources Migration of population and ecology of Ulan-Bator Problems: - Employment - Air pollution in winter

  11. Areas of cooperation Agriculture Problems: - Desertification - Land degradation - Migration of the rural population Mining industry Problems: - Transformation of ecosystems - Contamination of water and land resources, air pollution

  12. Ecological tour on Great Lakes of Asia Areas of cooperation Tourist and recreational potential Problems: -- Lack of tourism infrastructure - Low capacity of the border    checkpoints

  13. III. Deltas and microdeltasas unique indicators of the balance of the substance and energyof the endogenic and exogenous processeson boundary of the terrigenous and aquatic environments The Selenga River forms the world's only intercontinental freshwater delta of classic type with an area of ​​more than 5 km2., where it flows into the Baikal Lake. Moreover, power of lacustrine-alluvial deposits in the Ust-Selenga hollow reaches 8 - 9 km., whose age are 20-25 million years, which makes the Selenga River basin the ancient waterway in the world. МЭОЦ «Истомино»

  14. Deltas of the world largest rivers

  15. Picture LANDSAT

  16. Uniqueness of the Selenga River delta 1. S – 5000 square kilometers, age – 25 million years, H – 8-9 kilometers 2. Unique in the world fresh-water delta of a classical type inside the continent 3. Unique water-marsh ecological system included in the list of the objects of the Ramsar convention 4. Dwelling-place of the valuable Red Book fishes of the Baikal ichtyofauna (sturgeon, omyl, sig, umber, sazan) 5. Dwelling-place of birds of passage of the Northern Asia and their nesting. 6. 100-kilometers structure of all landscape zones (lake, marsh, river, terraces, meadows, steppes, taiga, mixed woods, cedar forests, mountain tundra) 7. The natural clearing biological filter of the river Selenga water (50% of all drain to Baikal) 8. Territory of intensive earthquakes 9. Exits of petroleum and gas 10. Deposits of gas hydrates 11. Natural laboratory on studying the natural and anthropogenous phenomena

  17. Map of an actual material (sampling)

  18. Water balance of delta 3.6 – 3.9 million tons/year Water 3.4 – 3.5 million tons/year The weighed substances 2 080 thousand tons/year 860 thousand tons/year “ENTRY” “EXIT”

  19. The basic conclusions 1. Deltas are formed under condition of the positivebalance of substance above speed of a substratum lowering. 2.Deltas – the unique natural objects having a unique biodiversity: - dwelling-place, nesting of birds of passage; - fattening of the valuable species of fishes; - quality of the environment depends on a water level. 3. Deltas are the unique natural biological filter clearing waters before water basis.

  20. IV. Mechanisms of cooperation the Baikal Institute of Nature Management of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences KEY AREAS OF FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCHES 1.Problems of nature management: interaction of natural and socio-economic systems. 2. Chemical elements and compounds in natural and artificial environments. 3. Development of new materials and resource saving environment-friendly technologies; chemical aspects of rational nature management.

  21. International cooperation Country Organization Italy University of Udine (province of Venice) Austria University BOKU (Vienna) China Institute of geography and natural resources research, CAS ( Beijing); Institute of geography and limnology, CAS (Nanjing) Norway University of Bergen University ofJoensuu Finland Institute of geography MAS, Mongolian State university of agriculture, Institute of geoecology MAS, Institute of botany MAS Mongolia Germany Konstanz university, Marburg university, Kassel university, Saarbrucken university,University of Berlin, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin institute of sociology, Center for environmental research , Leipzig, University of Hannover Japan Ehime university Great Britain Napier university ( Edinburgh) Южная Корея Korea environment institute

  22. UNEP Grant “National Action Plan to combat desertification for the Republic of Buryatia, Chita region, Aginsk Buryat Autonomous okrug” GEF 1.Creation and development of the international ecological-educational centre«Istomino» 2. Conservation of biodiversity in the basin of the rivers Tugnui-Sukhara 3.Organization of ecological audit in the Selenga River delta TACIS 1. TEMPUS project “Organic farming in the Baikal region” 2. Strengthening of public management in the Baikal region International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Grant “Assessment of the ecological damage and compensation mechanisms: regional level” International cooperation

  23. International ecological-educational centre «Istomino» The main activities: 1. scientific and logistical support of fundamental research on the Baikal Lake ecosystem and the Selenga River as an indicator of anthropogenic impact and natural changes of biodiversity in the Baikal Lake basin; 2. carrying out of scientific expeditions; 3. organization of scientific-practical meetings and events for the sustainable development of the Baikal region; 4. conduct specialized practices of students of natural faculties and summer schools for gifted children on ecology, economics, chemistry, physics and mathematics; 5. development of eco-tourism; 6. demonstration of ecological farming system and organic food production with renewable energy sources.

  24. Infrastructure of the IEEC «Istomino» • comfortable two-story brick building of 615 square meters (7 double rooms and 2 rooms with 8 beds); • a conference room for 45 people equipped with modern communication facilities, office equipment and library; • satellite TV; • dining room for 50 people; • hydro chemical laboratory, mobile laboratories; • yurts in the summer for 30 people.; • summer kitchen for 40 people; •  sauna, outdoor shower; • warm garage for 6 cars; •  warehouses for equipment; • automatic weather station; • mobile power station, renewable energy sources (solar, wind, biogas); • fleet of 3 vehicles; • motor boats (4 pcs.); • greenhouse; • - experimental farm for the production of organic food and the development of rural tourism.

  25. State Duma of the Russian Federation Ministry of Natural Resources of the RF Siberian Branch of the RAS Government of the Republic of Buryatia Fund for Protection of Lake Baikal Moscow State Universityт Buryat State University Global Environment Fund Mongolian Academy of Sciences Korea Environment Institute Russian Foundation for Basic Research First informational letter In the frame of theInternationalYearofwatercooperationof UNESCO, theYear of ecologicalcultureandprotection ofenvironmentoftheUIS, theYearoftheEnvironmentintheRussianFederation, announcedin 2013 bytheDecreeofthePresidentofRussiaVladimirPutin, inthe city of Ulan-Udeandthespecialeconomiczoneoftourist-recreationaltype "Baikalharbor" inlateJune - earlyJuly 2013 is carriedout a clusterofsatelliteconferences "Baikal - strategicresourceoftheplanetinthe 21st century", whichincludetheInternationalscientific-practical conference "Natural-resourcespotentialof the Baikal Lake: use, protectionandreproduction», the VI Internationalscientific-practicalconference "PrioritiesandfeaturesoftheBaikalregion development" andthe VII All-Russianworkshoponsustainabledevelopment. Thepurposeoftheconferences - summarizingtheresultsofthefirstyearofimplementationoftheFederaltargetprogram "Protectionofthe BaikalLake andsocio-economicdevelopmentoftheBaikalnaturalterritory", the GlobalEnvironment Fundproject "Integratedmanagementofnaturalresourcesoftransboundaryecosystemofthe Baikal Lake basin", compilationandanalysisoftheresultsofinternationalcooperationonBaikal, elaborationproposalsforimprovingecological-economicandlegalmechanismofnature managementandenvironment protection, improvementofexistinganddevelopmentofnewformsofbusiness-governmentpartnership, developmentoftourism, working outproposalsfortheimplementation "greengrowth" and "greeneconomy” principles. Formsofparticipationintheconferences - plenaryandorderreports; - report on sections; - posterpresentations; - publication of reportswithoutparticipationintheconferences. Additionalinformationwillbepresentedaftercoordinationwithconcernedparties. Tulokhonov Аrnold. К. Tel. 8 (3012) 433380

  26. Letter № 1 UNESCO proclaimed 2013 the Year of water cooperation, in Russia this year is declared the Year of the environment by the decree of the President of Russian Federation Vladimir Putin. In the frame of these events we invite you to participate in the International Conference "Baikal - a strategic resource of the planet in the 21st century." Organizers: the State Duma of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Natural Resources of the RF, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Government of the Republic of Buryatia, the Fund for Protection of Lake Baikal, Moscow University, the Global Environment Fund, the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, the Korea Environment Institute, the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, etc. The purpose of the conference: summing the results of the first year of the federal target program "Baikal", the outcome of international cooperation at Baikal, improve the mechanism of ecological, economic and legal framework for the protection of the environment and nature management, the development of new forms of business-government partnership, the development of tourism and the "green economy" and etc. Main areas: - development of tourism; - development of new environment-friendly technologies; - "green" economy in industry and agriculture; - ecological monitoring and its improvement; - experience in the implementation of international projects on sustainable development of the Baikal natural territory; - ecological education and upbringing; - improvement of economic and legal mechanisms of nature management; - culture, health and ecology. Round Table "Business in protection of the Baikal Lake as a World Natural Heritage Site: experience, necessary conditions" (Fifth All-Russian Conference "Priorities of the Baikal Region development"). Round table "The role of the young scientists in the sustainable development of the Baikal region and special protected natural territories" (Seventh All-Russian Youth School-Seminar on Sustainable Development). Date - end of June - beginning of July, 2013. Location: city of Ulan-El’, Special economic zone "Baikal harbor". ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

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