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A Constructed Wetland Technology Based Pilot Plant For Treating Municipal Wastewaters

A Constructed Wetland Technology Based Pilot Plant For Treating Municipal Wastewaters Of Indian Agricultural Research Institute Ravinder Kaur, Project Director Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute Other Team Members: Gaurav Dhir, Paritosh Kumar, Gitla

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A Constructed Wetland Technology Based Pilot Plant For Treating Municipal Wastewaters

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  1. A Constructed Wetland Technology Based Pilot Plant For Treating Municipal Wastewaters Of Indian Agricultural Research Institute Ravinder Kaur, Project Director Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute Other Team Members:Gaurav Dhir, Paritosh Kumar, Gitla Laishram, Deepa Ningthoujam and Praveen Sachdeva Second Regional Workshop ‘Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture’ , 16-18 May 2012, New Delhi, India

  2. NEED ASSESSMENT IARI Watershed (1030 ha) Total area- 466 ha Farm area- 290 ha Total irrigation Demand: 7.8 MLD Ground Water demand: 4.47 MLD (57 %) Canal Water Demand: 0.55 MLD (7 %) Deficit: 2.78 MLD Available Sewage: 22 MLD

  3. COSTLY CONVENTIONAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT METHODS CETP & STP UNSUSTAINABLE GENERATE HAZARDOUS SLUDGE

  4. CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS

  5. Experimental Wetland Site

  6. A PILOT PLANT FOR TREATING MUNICIPAL WASTEWATERS OF IARI VW GW SW CW PW TW 18 Experimental wetlands 3 wetland vegetations such as Reed grass (Phragmytis karka), Achorous calamus (Vacch) Typha latifolia (cattail) SW: Sewage Water CW: Non –Veg. Wetland water PW: Phragmites Water TW: Typha Water VW: Acorous (Vacch) Water GW: Ground Water

  7. Screen SYSTEM LAYOUT Sewage Channel Sump Main influent pipe Pump house Inlet Valve Influent pipe Control Effluent pipe Outlet Valve Main effluent pipe

  8. SYSTEM MONITORING Influent Waste water Plant Treated water Soil Effluent

  9. VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY

  10. Less than 1 day

  11. POLLUTANT MASS REDUCTION EFFICIENCY 100.8 % 86% 68% 57% 40% 53%

  12. METAL MASS REDUCTION EFFICIENCY 39 % 50 % 44 % 43 % 17 %

  13. IMPACT OF TREATED & UNTREATED SEWAGE WATERS ON FOOD GRAIN CONTAMINATION IN WHEAT & PADDY Food grain contamination in Wheat Wheat var. HD 2329 Food grain contamination in Paddy Paddy var. Pusa Basmati 4 The impact of the untreated and treated sewage water irrigations on the quality of produce from wheat and paddy fields was also assessed to show significantly (2-3 times) lower metal concentrations in the food grains produced from wetland treated sewage waters.

  14. TEMPORAL PROFILE OF SOIL METAL CONCENTRATIONS at SEWAGE PLOT SITE

  15. EMERGY BUDGET: Experimental Wetland Vs. Conventional STP Conventional STP had 14 times More Resource Use than Experimental Wetlands 5.44 X 1016 7.87 X 1017

  16. Emergy Based Sustainability Indices Emergy Yield Ratio (EYR) EYR = Y/F Y: Emergy yield ; F: Purchased emergy Environmental Load Ratio (ELR) ELR= (F + N) / R N: Non renewable resource emergy R: Local Renewable resource emergy Emergy Sustainability Index (ESI) ESI = EYR/ELR Percent Renewable Index (PR) PR = (R + Fr)/U Fr : Purchased renewable resource emergy U: Total resource use emergy

  17. Emergy Analysis of Experimental Wetland Vs. Conventional STP Experimental Wetlands exerts 33 times lesser Stress on Environment than Conventional STP Experimental Wetlands were 70 times more Efficient in utilizing purchased resources & Consumed 25 times more Renewable resources than Conventional STP Experimental Wetlands 1500 times more Sustainable than Conventional STP

  18. Salient Findings Overall Volumetric Efficiency of Experimental Wetland System: 84% Seasonal Nutrient & Metal Removal Efficiencies: 40 to 90% Planted Wetlands Performed Betterthan the Unplanted ones TyphaOut-performedPhragmitesandAcorus Wetlands: Smaller Ecological Footprint & OPEX, as consumed 100 times lesser non-renewable energy than STP Wetland based Wastewater treatment cost ½ of STP

  19. Recommendations Eco-friendly Technology for Mitigating Global Environmental Pollution & Health Problems due to Improper Sewage Treatment Attractive Solution for Developing Countries with Scarce Resources for Investment in Expensive Centralized Sewage Infrastructure

  20. Outcome Technology Being Up-scaled for Treating Krishi Kunj Sewage Water & Augmenting IARI Irrigation Water Supplies

  21. Thank you

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