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Splash Screen. Chapter Introduction Section 1: Truman and Eisenhower Section 2: The Affluent Society Section 3: The Other Side of American Life Visual Summary. Chapter Menu. What Does It Mean to Be Prosperous?

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  1. Splash Screen

  2. Chapter Introduction Section 1:Truman and Eisenhower Section 2:The Affluent Society Section 3:The Other Side of American Life Visual Summary Chapter Menu

  3. What Does It Mean to Be Prosperous? After World War II, the United States experienced years of steady economic growth. Although not everyone benefited, the economic boom meant most Americans enjoyed more prosperity than earlier generations. • How did Americans spend this new wealth? • How does prosperity change the way people live? Chapter Intro

  4. Chapter Timeline

  5. Chapter Timeline

  6. Truman and Eisenhower How did Truman and Eisenhower guide the nation after World War II? Chapter Intro 1

  7. The Affluent Society What were the characteristics of affluent Americans in the 1950s? Chapter Intro 2

  8. The Other Side of American Life What groups of Americans did not enjoy the affluence of the 1950s? Chapter Intro 3

  9. Chapter Preview-End

  10. Big Ideas Economics and SocietyFollowing World War II, the federal government supported programs that helped the American economy make the transition from wartime to peacetime production. Section 1-Main Idea

  11. Content Vocabulary • closed shop • right-to-work laws • union shop • dynamic conservatism Academic Vocabulary • legislator • abandon Section 1-Key Terms

  12. People and Events to Identify • GI Bill • “Do-Nothing Congress” • Fair Deal • Federal Highway Act Section 1-Key Terms

  13. A B Should former military service be a requirement for running for president? A. Yes B. No Section 1-Polling Question

  14. Return to a Peacetime Economy Despite inflation and strikes, the nation was able to shift to a peacetime economy without a recession. Section 1

  15. Return to a Peacetime Economy(cont.) • Despite worries of a recession, the economy continued to grow after the war as consumer spending increased. • The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, or GI Bill, boosted the economy further. The GI Bill of Rights Section 1

  16. Return to a Peacetime Economy(cont.) • The postwar economy did have some problems. • A greater demand for goods led to higher prices, and this inflation soon triggered labor unrest. • The Republicans seized on America’s concerns during the 1946 congressional elections, winning control of both houses of Congress for the first time since 1930. Section 1

  17. Return to a Peacetime Economy(cont.) • Congress set out to curb the power of organized labor, proposing a measure known as the Taft-Hartley Act, which outlawed the closed shop. • States could pass right-to-work laws, which outlawed union shops. • The law also prohibited featherbedding and unions using money to support political campaigns. Section 1

  18. A B C D Why did Truman order government seizure of the mines during the strike? A.He feared the nation’s energy supply would be reduced. B.He didn’t want riots to erupt in the mines. C.The mines contained valuable materials that people might steal. D.He needed time to help the workers negotiate. Section 1

  19. Truman’s Program Truman pushed for a “Fair Deal” for Americans, despite the legislative conflicts he had with Congress. Section 1

  20. Truman’s Program(cont.) • Truman’s proposals included the following: • Expansion of Social Security benefits • Raising the minimum wage • A program to ensure full employment • Public housing and slum clearance Section 1

  21. Truman’s Program(cont.) • Truman’s proposals included the following: • Long-range environmental and public works planning • A system of national health insurance • A broad civil rights bill Section 1

  22. Truman’s Program(cont.) • However, most of his legislative efforts met with little success. • As the presidential election of 1948 approached, most observers gave Truman little chance of winning. Section 1

  23. Truman’s Program(cont.) • A group of Southern Democrats nominated Strom Thurmond for president. • A new Progressive Party elected Henry A. Wallace. • The Republicans elected Governor Thomas Dewey, who seemed unbeatable. Section 1

  24. Truman’s Program(cont.) • Truman traveled more than 20,000 miles campaigning, attacking the “Do-Nothing Congress.” • The 80th Congress did not “do nothing” as Truman charged, but its accomplishments were not in areas that affected most Americans. Section 1

  25. Truman’s Program(cont.) • Truman won a narrow victory over Dewey, and the Democrats regained control of both houses of Congress. • He coined a name—the Fair Deal—toset his program apart from the New Deal. Presidential Election of 1948 Section 1

  26. A B The 81st Congress completely embraced Truman’s Fair Deal and passed his bills. A.True B.False Section 1

  27. The Eisenhower Years President Eisenhower cut federal spending, supported business, funded the interstate highway system, and extended some New Deal programs. Section 1

  28. The Eisenhower Years(cont.) • After Eisenhower took office in 1952, he had two favorite phrases: “Middle of the Road and “dynamic conservatism.” • The new president’s cabinet appointments included several business leaders, showing Eisenhower’s conservatism. • He showed his conservatism in many other ways, such as vetoing a school construction bill and agreeing to slash government aid to public housing. Section 1

  29. The Eisenhower Years(cont.) • He took an activist role in pushing for the Federal Highway Actand construction of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway. • Eisenhower did agree to extend the Social Security system to an additional 10 million people. Interstate Highway System Section 1

  30. The Eisenhower Years(cont.) • He extended unemployment compensation to an additional 4 million people and agreed to raise minimum wage and continue to provide some government aid to farmers. Section 1

  31. A B C D Which of the following caused an end to Truman’s Fair Deal? A.Eisenhower winning the election B.War in Korea C.A recession D.Congress Section 1

  32. Section 1-End

  33. Big Ideas Culture and BeliefsPostwar abundance and new technologies changed American society. Section 2-Main Idea

  34. Content Vocabulary • baby boom • white-collar job • blue-collar worker • multinational corporation • franchise • rock ‘n’ roll • generation gap Academic Vocabulary • phenomenon • conform Section 2-Key Terms

  35. People and Events to Identify • Levittown • Jonas Salk • Elvis Presley • Jack Kerouac Section 2-Key Terms

  36. A B Do you feel that your parents’ generation understands your generation? A. Yes B. No Section 2-Polling Question

  37. American Abundance America entered a period of postwar abundance, with expanding suburbs, growing families, and more white-collar jobs. Section 2

  38. American Abundance(cont.) • The 1950s was a decade of incredible prosperity. • Between 1940 and 1955, the average income of American families roughly tripled. • Advertising became the fastest-growing industry in the United States, as manufacturers employed new marketing techniques to sell their products. Section 2

  39. American Abundance(cont.) • Many of the consumers lived in the new suburbs that grew up around cities in the 1950s. • Levittown, New York, was one of the earliest of the new suburbs. Section 2

  40. American Abundance(cont.) • Reasons for the rapid growth of suburbia varied: • People wanted to escape the crime and congestion of city neighborhoods. • Some believed the suburbs would provide a better life for themselves and their children. • Affordability of homes Section 2

  41. American Abundance(cont.) • From 1945 to 1961, a period known as the baby boom, more than 65 million children were born in the United States. Section 2

  42. American Abundance(cont.) • Several factors contributed to the baby boom: • Young couples who delayed marriage during World War II and the Korean War could now start families. • The government encouraged growth of families by offering generous GI benefits for home purchases. The Baby Boom, 1940–1970 Section 2

  43. American Abundance(cont.) • Popular culture celebrated pregnancy, parenthood, and large families. The Baby Boom, 1940–1970 Section 2

  44. American Abundance(cont.) • Dramatic changes in the workplace accompanied the country’s economic growth. • In 1956, for the first time, white-collar workersoutnumbered blue-collar workers. • Many white-collar employees worked for multinational corporations. • The 1950s also witnessed the rise of franchises. Section 2

  45. A B C D Some observers criticized which trend that franchises encouraged? A.Living abroad B.Conformity C.Free thinking D.Credit cards Section 2

  46. Scientific Advances Computers began a business revolution, and doctors discovered new ways to fight disease. Section 2

  47. Scientific Advances(cont.) • The electronics industry made rapid advances after World War II. • The transistor and the nation’s earliest computers were developed. Section 2

  48. Scientific Advances(cont.) • The following medical breakthroughs were made in the 1950s: • Radiation treatments and chemotherapy for cancer • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) • A mechanical heart Section 2

  49. Scientific Advances(cont.) • Jonas Salkdeveloped an injectable vaccine to prevent polio. • Albert Sabin developed an oral vaccine for polio. Section 2

  50. A B C D Who developed one of the nation’s earliest computers? A.John Bardeen B.William Shockley C.The Army D.The Navy Section 2

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