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Maximizing Water Reuse Efficiency: Benefits, Obstacles, and Future Trends

Explore the cost-effective benefits and challenges of wastewater reuse presented by William S. M'Coy, P.E., at the 2003 Virginia Municipal League Annual Conference. Learn about reclaiming water, types of reuse, stakeholder involvement, current projects in Virginia, and future prospects for water reuse in the state. Discover the social, environmental, and economic advantages of reclaiming water for various purposes, including irrigation, cooling, and groundwater recharge.

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Maximizing Water Reuse Efficiency: Benefits, Obstacles, and Future Trends

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  1. Cost-Effective Water Reuse Presentation to the 2003 Virginia Municipal League Annual Conference By William S. M’Coy, P.E., DEE Vice President HDR Engineering, Inc.

  2. Water Reuse Terms Defined Reclaimed Water – water resulting from the treatment of domestic, municipal or industrial wastewater that is suitable for a direct beneficial or controlled use. • Reuse – use of reclaimed water

  3. Types of Water Reuse • Potable Reuse • Direct – not practiced in US • Indirect – aquifer recharge, reservoir discharge • Non-Potable Reuse • Direct – irrigation, cooling water, fire suppression • Indirect – wetlands restoration, groundwater recharge

  4. Why Reuse Water? Reduces Pollutants to Rivers and Estuaries Limited New Water Sources Lowers Cost to Users Social/ Environmental Benefits Restores Groundwater Levels Relieves Potable Water Demand Improves Potable Water Quality Offers Reliable Water Supply (Drought-Proof) Restores River/Lake Levels

  5. Typical Uses of Reclaimed Water • Residential Landscape Irrigation • Park/Golf Course Irrigation • Industrial Cooling Water and Process Water • Dust Control • Fire Suppression • Groundwater Recharge • Agricultural/Silvicultural Irrigation • Wetlands Flow Augmentation

  6. Reuse Project Requires Stakeholder Involvement • Water Supplier • Wastewater Agency • Economic Development • Chamber of Commerce • Environmental Groups • State/Federal Regulators • Customers (or Anticipated Customers) • Public

  7. Current Reuse Projects in Virginia • Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority (UOSA) • Indirect Potable Reuse • Up to 54 millions gallons per day of Reclaimed Water to Occoquan Reservoir • Since 1970 • Hampton Roads Sanitation District (HRSD) • Industrial Reuse (Oil Refinery) • Cooling Water, Fire Suppression, Utility Water • Up to 500,000 gpd • Since 2002

  8. Obstacles to Water Reuse Cost of Treatment and Distribution Lack of Stakeholder Consensus No Regulatory Guidance in VA Public Perception Inexpensive Water Supplies

  9. Cost-Effectiveness of Water Reuse Potable Water $3-4 /1000 gal Reclaimed Water $1-9/1000 gal Sewage Collection NC Sewage Treatment NC Tertiary Treatment $1-7/1000 gal Distribution $0-2/1000 gal

  10. Future of Water Reuse in Virginia • Potable Water Cost Increases • More Stringent Regulations • Diminishing Supplies • Reduction in Reclaimed Water Costs • Improvements in Treatment Technologies • Increasing Water Demands • Reduction in Pollutant Discharges • Reuse Regulatory Guidance??

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