Introducing the new Rules for Cadastral Survey 2010

1. Introducing the new Rules for Cadastral Survey 2010 Don Grant Surveyor-General Anselm Haanen Deputy Surveyor-General Rod Newland Senior Advisor Mark Smith Senior Advisor September 2009

2. Presentation Format Welcome! Presenters Exits and toilets Expected duration / tea break Questions

3. Presentation Overview Significant changes in the new Rules Transition from current Rules to new Rules Compliance expectations Landonline functionality and processing changes What happens next

4. The Review Process • 2007/08 - Consultation on “Proposed Rules” • Rules changed in response to strong feedback from surveyors • Rules are now Final

5. Implementing the new Rules • Landonline can only support one set of Rules at a time • Formal gazettal will occur once Landonline roll-out date is known • The new Rules are scheduled to come into effect in May 2010 • Once implemented all CSDs will have to be certified in terms of the new Rules

6. Details of Changes • Don’t panic! • More detailed guidance material coming

7. Class of Accuracy • Class applies only to accuracy of boundaries • Class A (urban+) • Class B (rural) • No peri-urban class (current class II) • Class C (adopted lower accuracy boundaries on large parcels) • Class D (existing boundaries on large parcels with missing or inadequate information - no accuracy standard specified) • For cases specified, dispensation for class C & D not required

8. Accuracy standards Introduces two tiers of accuracy. • The 95% standard • New work, but not adoptions • Uses the Root Sum Squared (RSS) method • 95% of lines expected to comply • The 100% standard • All lines to comply, including adoptions • Tolerances less stringent • Simple sum method to calculate the accuracy value.

9. Accuracy of adoptions • No equivalent to current rule 26(3) • 100% standard set to allow most existing boundaries to be adopted

10. Class A – Boundary point to Boundary point 100% standard 5% of survey data allowed to be in this zone 2002/2 Class I 100% of survey data must be in this zone 95% standard 95% of survey data must be in this zone

11. Accuracy of right line and arc boundaries Lot 1 X

12. Class B – Boundary point to boundary point 100% standard 95% standard 2002/2Class III

13. Accuracy between non-boundary Marks adopt

14. Accuracy between non-boundary marks Cap = 0.50m 2002/2 standard 100% standard 95% standard

15. Accuracy between non-boundary marks 100% standard 2002/2 standard 95% standard

16. Accuracy of boundary witnessing Applies to all old and new non-boundary points within the witnessing distance ITI to meet standard witnessing distance

17. Accuracy of Boundary Witnessing

18. Accuracy of water and irregular Boundaries Accuracy must recognise: • Risk of overlap • Statutory size requirements • Permanence of the margin • Physical nature • Value and intensity of land use Applies to new and some adopted boundaries

19. Geodetic Orientation • Surveys of a new primary parcel boundary must be NZGD2000. • Requirement partially relaxed for 12 months. • Accuracy is in terms of datum – not in terms of local “origin marks”

20. Geodetic Connection All field surveys that define a boundary point must connect to a order 6 or higher mark if one exists within • 500m for class A • 1000m for class B Can be an adopted connection Reduced levels must be in terms of an official vertical datum if a vertical control mark (order 3V or higher) within • 200m for class A, • 500m for class B.

21. Boundary definition The Rules prescribe 3 different levels of boundary definition: • Boundaries “defined by survey” • Boundaries “defined by adoption” • Boundaries “Accepted”

22. Boundaries defined by survey To define a boundary by survey, a surveyor must: • gather all relevant evidence • interpret that evidence • use that evidence to determine the correct position of the boundary.

23. Boundaries to be defined by survey Includes: • Boundaries when interim titles are being resolved • Re-surveying a boundary created via a Computed CSD for Maori Freehold Land

24. Class A boundaries to be defined by survey Existing class A boundaries for parcels less than 0.4ha need to be defined by survey Lot 1 0.1100ha Lot 2 0.3260ha Lot 5DP 12345 0.4360ha Additional points to be defined by survey

25. Boundaries defined by adoption “Adopt” means to use information from: • a prior CSD, or • an estate record held by a tenure system manager Boundary “defined by adoption” • applies to a boundary which must meet the 100% accuracy standards (not the tighter 95% standards) • does not require witnessing, monumenting, occupation, etc.

26. Accepted Boundaries Some adopted boundaries can be accepted “as is” • Do not have to comply with an accuracy standard • Only applies to an existing boundary • Applies to large parcels with boundary deficiencies: • “Accepted” boundary must be Class D

27. Permanent Structure Boundaries (1) • Boundaries related to a “permanent structure”: • building or recognisable structure, likely to remain undisturbed for 50 years. • Limited to : • Unit Title parcel boundaries • building lease parcel boundaries • rights over certain Unit Title or lease parcels • specified non-primary parcel boundaries

28. Permanent Structure Boundaries (2) • may follow part of the permanent structure face of internal wall face of external wall centre of wall

29. Permanent Structure Boundaries (3) Boundary not required to coincide with the structure; • Line between points on the structure • Line between points located from the structure • Constant offset from the structure Constant Offset Between points 0.80 1.60 31°20’ 2.25 2.45 Between located points

30. Accuracy of permanent structure boundary Applies between off-structure boundaries and on-structure witness points witnessing standard applies Clearly identified witness point 4.15 Permanent Structure Permanent Structure Boundary

31. Relationship between a permanent structure boundary and other boundaries Boundary to Boundary tolerances to be met when: Class A boundary points are within 1 m All other Class boundary points within 3 m Permanent Structure Boundary Primary parcel boundary 0.74 0.87 bdy to bdy accuracy standards applies easement area boundary

32. Non-boundary marks Witness marks Permanent Reference Marks (PRMs) Other non-boundary marks

33. Witness Marks Class A - witnessing distance 150m Class B witnessing distance increased to 500m 4 witness marks required if class B boundaries Required irrespective of marking the boundary

34. Witness marks A North Taieri(1080) 1 2

35. Boundary Witnessing for class A All boundary points defined by survey must be witnessed Lot 1 0.2200ha Lot 2 0.2860ha

36. Permanent Reference Marks (PRMs) Minimum of two per survey Must be within 300m of a class A boundary point that needs witnessing 500m for class B

37. Permanent reference marks A North Taieri(1080) 1 2

38. Traverse Marks Traverse marks are not required No physical attributes prescribed If used then must be included in CSD

39. Longevity of marks Witness marks must be reasonably expected to survive and be useable for 10 years PRMs must be reasonably expected to survive and be useable for 50 years Longevity of traverse marks and boundary marks not specified

40. Boundary Marks A new boundary mark must be: a traditional wooden peg, or a post, or any other type of labelled peg but if above not practical, any other type of labelled mark Engraving of lot numbers, broad arrow, etc. not required

41. Boundary Monumentation Each new primary parcel boundary point, unless: Both sides of the boundary fall to Crown ownership The parcels are Maori Land Both sides of the boundary fall to common ownership The boundary is within reciprocal Rights of Way Unnecessary due to terrain or ground cover Occupation identifies the boundary No requirement to mark non-primary boundaries, including on a ROW

42. Disturbed marks Disturbed marks A new mark in a new position Surveyor to determine if disturbed “unreliable” not permitted

43. “No record” marks “Old” marks no record Not shown as “old” Considered as a new mark, or occupation

44. Accounting for all the land under survey All land in existing primary parcels being extinguished must be accounted for by new primary parcels. The current exemption for acquisition surveys removed Lot 33 Sec 2 Sec 1

45. Parcels Representation of parcels Primary and non-primary parcels Underlying parcel Extinguished parcel Residue parcel Balance parcel

46. Parcel representation A parcel must be “an area or space that is a single contiguous portion of land” New multi-polygon parcels are not permitted New centrelines not permitted

47. Primary & non-primary parcels “Primary parcel” - reflects current rules “Non-primary parcel” - any parcel that is not a primary parcel, including: easement parcels including esplanade strips and access strips, a lease parcel, a movable marginal strip

48. Underlying Parcel • A parcel whose interests will be directly affected by a new non-primary parcel New ROW Lot 6 Underlying Parcel

49. Extinguished Parcels An “extinguished” parcel is no longer available for the assignment of rights

50. Residue Parcel Portion not being claimed Residue Parcel Lot 8 Lot 1 (defined by survey) Part lot 8