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Christian History Review: From Persecution to Reformation

Explore key events from the Great Persecution to the Protestant Reformation, including Constantine's conversion, monastic life, Crusades, the Black Death, and the Council of Trent. Learn how pivotal figures shaped Christianity.

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Christian History Review: From Persecution to Reformation

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  1. Chapters 8-12 Review: Main Ideas

  2. Chapter 8 • Context: The Great Persecution • Christians were being martyred because they wouldn’t worship Diocletian as a god • Main Idea: Constantine converted to Christianity, based on his mother’s wishes and a dream • Theodysius converted the empire to Christianity

  3. Chapter 8, cont. • Ecumenical Councils deal with heresies • Council of Chalcedon affirmed the teachings of Pope Leo the Great • Jesus’ two natures did not interfere with or compromise one another • The Creation of the Bible • 46 OT + 27 NT = 73 Books total

  4. Chapter 9 • Monasteries • Monastic life: prayer, work, study, needs of society • Basil the Great: Evangelical Counsels • Poverty, Chastity, Obedience • Provided a governing structure for the Church that would outlast the fall of the Roman Empire • Converted pagan tribes

  5. Chapter 9, cont. • Charlemagne used Christianity to unify the Frankish empire • Provided education through the monasteries • The Great Schism of 1054 split the eastern and western churches • Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches

  6. Chapter 10 • Christians undergo the Crusades to recover control of Jerusalem (the Holy Land) • Corruption within the Church despite the Pope’s supreme authority in Europe • Blending of religion and politics • Power struggle between Pope Gregory and King Henry

  7. Chapter 10, cont. • Responses to corruption and heresy • The Fourth Lateran Council • Catholics must receive Holy Communion 1/year • Transubstantiation • The Inquisition: Aggressive investigation of accused heretics • Friars remained models of faith

  8. Chapter 11 • The Black Death • Devotion to faith was weakened by fear and misunderstanding • Setbacks in Faith • Language barrier, uneducated priests • The Great Schism of the West • Caused by rival popes

  9. Chapter 11, cont. • The Renaissance • The “re-birth” of interest in the Church too • Christian Humanism brought the Gospel message down to the level of the masses

  10. Chapter 12 • Martin Luther responded to abuses and scandals within the Church • Ninety-five Theses • Broke off from the Church with his followers  Lutheran Church • Protestant Reformation • Church responds with the Council of Trent • Counter-Reformation

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