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Chemistry of Life

Chemistry of Life. The Nature of Matter. The Nature of Matter. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume). Everything around us is made of matter. Energy is anything that brings about change. - Can hold matter together - Can tear matter apart. Matter.

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Chemistry of Life

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  1. Chemistry of Life The Nature of Matter

  2. The Nature of Matter • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume). • Everything around us is made of matter. • Energy is anything that brings about change. - Can hold matter together - Can tear matter apart

  3. Matter • Examples: • Atoms • elements • Living things • Rocks • Soil • air

  4. Energy • Examples: • Sunlight • Electricity • Heat • Chemical energy

  5. The Nature of Matter • Atoms – smallest defined unit of matter • An atom has 3 parts: • Proton is positive + • Neutron has no charge • Electron is negative - • Electron is the part of atom involved in chemical reactions.

  6. The Nature of Matter – Atom structure • Nucleus- center of atoms that contains neutrons and protons. • Electrons orbit around the nucleus. • Energy holds the parts of an atom together. • There are different kinds of atoms depending on the number of electrons and protons.

  7. The Nature of Matter • Elements – something that is made up of only one kind of atom. • Elements can not be broken down into a simpler form. • Ex: oxygen is made up of only oxygen atoms

  8. The Nature of Matter • Everything is made up of elements. • Most things, organisms included, are made of combinations of different elements. • Example: air is made of many elements not just oxygen, but nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon.

  9. Nature of Matter • Compounds are made up of 2 or more elements. • Compounds can look and act differently than the atoms they are made of. • Example: Water (H20) is two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen.

  10. - Chemical Compounds in Cells Elements and Compounds • Carbon dioxide, which is found in gas bubbles, is a chemical compound. So is water.

  11. The Nature of Matter • There are two kinds of compounds. • 1) molecules - atoms bond together by SHARING elections. • 2) ion compounds - ion is an atom with a positive or negative charge.

  12. The Nature of Matter • Ion compounds – are formed by the attraction of opposite ions. A positive and a negative ion form an ion compound • Example: Salt is Sodium (Na) Chloride (Cl) • ( Na+ and Cl-) = NaCl

  13. Organic Compounds • Always contain carbon and hydrogen and are usually associated with living things. • 4 types make up living things: • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Proteins • Nucleic Acids

  14. Organic Compounds

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