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The Roaring Twenties

The Roaring Twenties. Economy and Government Social and Cultural Tension The Harlem Renaissance. Economy and Government. A Booming Economy Economy rebounds after WWI  Automobile has biggest impact Henry Ford mass produces autos  assembly line keeps prices low for Model T

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The Roaring Twenties

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  1. The Roaring Twenties Economy and Government Social and Cultural Tension The Harlem Renaissance

  2. Economy and Government A Booming Economy • Economy rebounds after WWI Automobile has biggest impact • Henry Ford mass produces autosassembly line keeps prices low for Model T • Consumer Revolution- flood of new, affordable goods available to publicelectricity • Advertisement takes off- magazines and newspaper ads

  3. Economy and Government • Those without enough money used installment buying (credit) make small down payment and pay off rest with monthly payments plus interest • US stock market sees increase in stocks bought and sold • Stocks prices keep rising Bull Market • Americans put money in stock market believing they can get rich quick • Those that could not afford stock began buying on the margin- purchasing stock with borrowed money • Cities &suburbs flourish, while southern towns & Midwest farms suffer

  4. Economy and Government The Business of Government • 1920- Warren G. Harding elected on “Return to Normalcy” ticket • Harding cuts taxes, raises tariffs, protect business interests • Harding trusted close friends to run presidency for himOhio Gang • Ohio Gang causes problems- The Teapot Dome Scandal • Sec. of Interior transfers oil reserves in Teapot Dome, WY from navy use to interior use • He then rented the use of the oil to private businessmen and pocketed the money

  5. Economy and Government • Calvin Coolidge becomes president when Harding dies- 1924 • Favored big business and lowering national debt • US still trying to wrap up foreign policy after WWI • Kellogg-Briand Pact- outlaws the use of war as a foreign policy tool • Most of Europe, especially Germany are bankrupt • 1924- US agrees to Dawes Plan • US loans money to Germany • Germany then pays reparations to Br. And Fr. • Br. and Fr. Pay back US bitter towards US

  6. Social and Cultural Tensions Old vs. New Clash • More ppl. live in urban than rural areas for first time in historyUrban Sprawl • Modernism: emphasize science over traditional ideas about religion • Christians feel that their religion is being attacked sparks fundamentalism- every word in the bible is the literal truth

  7. Social and Cultural Tensions Fundamentalists vs. Modernists: Scopes Trial • 1925- TN makes it illegal to teach Darwin’s Theory of Evolution in school • John Scopes, a teacher, taught Darwinism anyway arrested • Clarence Darrow- Defense lawyer William Jennings Bryan- Prosecution • Scopes found guilty case shows division in public

  8. Social and Cultural Tensions Restricting Immigration • Red Scare forces restrictions on immigrationNativism • Quota System: Congress sets limit on max amount of immigrants admitted to US • KKK rises again, targeting Jews, Catholics, and immigrants

  9. Social and Cultural Tensions Prohibition and Crime • Banning the use of alcohol18th Amendment- Volstead Act enforces amendment • Act does not stop American’s from drinking- use illegal methods to obtain alcohol • Bootleggers sold illegal alcohol to consumers • Organized crime skyrockets as citizens attempt to get boosAl Capone • Speakeasies open- underground drinking restaurant • 21st Amendment repeals Prohibition

  10. The Harlem Renaissance Great Migration • 1910-1920: Great Migration AA’s migrate north- better pay, equality • Harlem, New York becomes center of AA culture- center of AA cultural “rebirth” • Marcus Garvey initiates “Back to Africa” campaign separate the races • Garvey’s organization is known as the Universal Negro Improvement Association • Garvey fades away- Black Power and Nation of Islam groups rise

  11. The Harlem Renaissance The Jazz Age • F. Scott Fitzgerald called the 1920s the “Jazz Age” • Jazz originated in South (NO)Louis Armstrong, Bessie Smith • Jazz became symbol of AA culture- bridges racial gap

  12. The Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance • AA novelists, poets, artists, and musicians celebrate their culture • “New Negro” emerges no longer would AA endure old ways of discrimination and exploitation • Langston Hughes (author, poet) becomes unofficial symbol of Harlem Ren • Zora Neale Hurston- Their Eyes Were Watching God • Harlem Ren ended when stock market crashed in 1929

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