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Week 15-16 Overview

Week 15-16 Overview. Project Due Chapter 15 pages 466-489-lecture and review of pages 127-135 oral practice, medications review, review for final, oral practice and Homework. SPECIAL SENSES. The Eye/Parts of the Eye. Sclera- sclero- the white of the eye- outer covering of the eye

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Week 15-16 Overview

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  1. Week 15-16 Overview • Project Due • Chapter 15 pages 466-489-lecture and review of pages 127-135 oral practice, medications review, review for final, oral practice and Homework

  2. SPECIAL SENSES

  3. The Eye/Parts of the Eye • Sclera- sclero- the white of the eye- outer covering of the eye • Choroid- choroido- Vascular layer- middle layer-of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera • Retina- inner lining of the eye, light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye that transmits visual impulses via the optic nerve to the brain • Cornea- kerato- The clear part of the eye located in front of the iris. Part of the eye’s protective covering

  4. Aqueous Humor- watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye • Anterior chamber- Part of the eye behind the cornea and in front of the iris and lens • Posterior chamber- space between the iris and the lens

  5. Iris- irido- a muscle that allows light rays in and it determines the color of the eye • Pupil- a hole • Lens-located behind the iris, helps light focus onto the retina • Ciliary muscles- the muscle that helps the lens to change shape • Vitreous humor-transparent mass of gel that lies behind the lens and in front of the retina. It fills the center of the eye • Optic nerve- nerve in the back of the eye that carries visual images to the brain • Optic disc- blind spot- the area where the optic nerve connects to the retina • Muscles- allows movement of the eye

  6. Eye lids- blepharo • Lacrimal glands- dacryo • Lacrimal canliculi

  7. Disorders/Pathology of the Eye • Errors of refraction • Myopia- nearsightedness • Hyperopia- farsightedness • Astigmatism- the light rays are bent unequally causing blurred vision

  8. Cataracts- • A clouding of the lens • Glaucoma • A build up of pressure from aqueous humor • Strabismus- lazy eye; The muscle is weak

  9. More Pathology • Conjunctivitis- inflammation of the lining of the eye- pinkeye • Achromatopsia- color blindness • Presbyopia- old age vision • Nyctalopia- night vision

  10. Procedures • Visual acuity test- Snellen Chart • Tests vision • Evisceration • Partial or all removal of an eye • Retinoscopy Visual examination of the retina • Gonioscopy Visually examining for pressure

  11. The Ear

  12. Major Sections • External • Auricle or Pinna • Ear Canal • Tympanum

  13. Middle Ear • Tympanic Cavity • Malleus- hammer • Incus- anvil • Stapes- stirrup • Eustachian Tube

  14. Inner Ear • Labyrinth • Oval window- • Cochlea- • Semicircular canals • Vestibule • Auditory nerve

  15. Disorders of the Ear • Otitis Media • Inflammation of the middle ear • Otosclerosis • Hardening of the ossicles (bones) • Meniere’s Disease • A balance disorder of the inner ear, causing pressure in one or both ears, hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), nausea and vomiting, nystagmus (uncontrolled jerky eye movements) • Vertigo- • Abnormal sensation of movement

  16. Procedures • Otoscopy • Audiometry • Myringotomy • otoplasty

  17. Abbreviations • AD- right ear OD- right eye • AS-left ear OS- left eye • ENT- ears nose OU- both eyes • and throat • EOM- extra ocular REM- rapid eye • movement movement

  18. Medications • Antibiotics- anti-infectives • Miotics/cholinergics- constrict • Mydriatics- dilate • Saline solution- moisten

  19. SPECIAL SENSES: THE EYES AND EARS ELEMENTS • (use with your textbook for CD-Rom) • ElementsMeaning • aden/o gland • aque/o, hydr/o water • ambly/o dim, dull • audi/o hearing • blephar/o eyelid • choroid/o choroid • conjunctiv/o conjunctiva • dacry/o tear, lacrimal • dipl/o double • irid/o iris • kerat/o cornea

  20. ELEMENT MEANING • myc/o fungus • myring/o, tympan/o tympanic membrane • ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o eye • ot/o ear • presby/o old age • py/o pus • retin/o retina • salping/o eustachian tube or fallopian tube • sclera/o hardening, sclera (white of the eye) • xanth/o yellow • -cusia hearing • -ectomy excision, removal • -edema swelling • -ia noun ending • -itis inflammation • -malacia softening

  21. ELEMENT MEANING • -opia, -opsia vision • -pathy disease • -ptosis prolapse, falling, dropping • -rrhaphy suture • -rrhexis rupture • -spasm involuntary contraction, twitching • -stenosis stricture, narrowing • -tomy incision, cut into • -tropia turning • -extra outside • hyper- excessive • intra- within

  22. Special Senses Worksheets • pages 132-135 • Medication Review page • 136 syllabus

  23. Review for the Final Pages 137-140

  24. Homework • Study for Final Exam

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