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Chapter 24: The 1920’s Bring Social Change

Chapter 24: The 1920’s Bring Social Change. Manners and Morals Change Women Enjoy New Careers and Life Styles A Black Renaissance Emerges Education and Popular culture Change. Manners and Morals Change. Rural Life vs. Urban Life Cities were Liberal Rural were Conservative 1920’s Census

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Chapter 24: The 1920’s Bring Social Change

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  1. Chapter 24: The 1920’s Bring Social Change • Manners and Morals Change • Women Enjoy New Careers and Life Styles • A Black Renaissance Emerges • Education and Popular culture Change

  2. Manners and Morals Change • Rural Life vs. Urban Life • Cities were Liberal • Rural were Conservative • 1920’s Census • Urban excitement • Religion clashes with science • Scopes Trial – “Monkey Trial” • Clarence Darrow vs. William J. Bryan

  3. Fundamentalism • The Protestant movement based on the literal interpretation of the Bible. • Were against science. • Were against the theory of evolution. • Evolution- Theory that animals evolve from one another. • Held religious revivals.

  4. Scopes trial • Tennessee passed the first law which made it illegal to teach evolution. • John Scopes, a biology teacher, was arrested for teaching evolution. • Clarence Darrow was hired to defend Scopes. • William Jennings Bryan, a fundamentalist, was the prosecuting attorney.

  5. Scopes trial (con’t) • The trial was a fight over evolution and the role of science and religion in the classroom. • Darrow called Bryan as an expert on the Bible. • Bryan admitted that he believed God did not create the earth in 6, 24 hour days. • Scopes was found guilty and fined $100.

  6. Manners and Morals Change - continued • Prohibition • 18th Amendment • Temperance Movement • Speakeasies • Bootlegging • Gangsters • Al Capone • St. Valentines Day Massacre

  7. Prohibition • Banned to sale, manufacturing, and transportation of alcohol. • 18th Amendment: Made alcohol illegal. • Speakeasies: Hidden saloons and nightclubs where people went to drink alcohol illegally.

  8. Bootleggers • Name of smugglers who brought alcohol from Canada, Cuba, and the West Indies. • Some people made their own alcohol and sold it. • Alcohol used for religious services skyrocketed and so did prescriptions for alcohol.

  9. Prohibition

  10. Organized Crime • Chicago, home of Al Capone, who was a gangster with a bootlegging empire. • “Untouchables” • Capone killed his competition, literally. • 522 gang killings happened b/c of Capone • Capone was worth $100 million. • He died of syphilis at 48.

  11. Women Enjoy New Careers and Life Styles • Women Suffrage • 19th Amendment • Carrie Chapman Catt • 20’s Women • Liberation • Flappers • “bob” Hairstyle • Double Standards • New Work Opportunities • Changing Family Life-style

  12. Flapper • Young women who wore shorter dresses and urban attitudes. • They chopped their hair short into bobs. • Smoked, drank, and talked openly about sex in public- not what young ladies were supposed to do. • Had bad reputations.

  13. Double standard • Set of principles granting sexual freedom to men rather than women. • Women have stricter rules for behavior than men do.

  14. A Black Renaissance Emerges • Harlem Renaissance • The Great Migration • Paul Robeson (actor) • Louie Armstrong (jazz) • Bessie Smith (blues singer) • Duke Ellington (jazz) • Cotton Club

  15. Harlem Renaissance • A literary and artistic movement celebrating African American culture. • Writers: • Claude McKay wrote poems and novels. • Langston Hughes was a poet.

  16. Famous African-Americans

  17. Black Renaissance - continued • W.E.B. DuBois • Niagara Movement • N.A.A.C.P. • Marcus Garvey • “Black is Beautiful” • Jim Crow Laws • James Weldon Johnson • Ida B. Wells-Barnett

  18. New Goals • NAACP founded in 1909 by W.E.B DuBois • James Weldon Johnson helped the NAACP fight for laws to be passed to protect African Americans. • Tried to pass antilynching laws, but none of them passed.

  19. Education and Popular Culture Change • Education • Increasing Enrollment • Property Taxes • Educating Immigrants • News Coverage • Tabloids • Ballyhoo • Weekly Magazines • Radio

  20. Hereos • Charles A. Lindbergh • George Herman “Babe” Ruth • Harold “Red” Grange • Knute Rockne • Jack Dempsey • Big Bill Tilden • Bobby Jones

  21. Heroes

  22. Popular Culture • Hollywood • Charlie Chaplin • Al Jolson • Yiddish Theatre • Broadway • The Great White Way • Eugene O’Neill • Composers • George Gershwin

  23. Popular Culture • Writers • Materialism • F. Scott Fitzgerald • This Side of Paradise • Sinclair Lewis • Elmer Gentry • Ernest Hemingway • The Sun Also Rises • T.S. Eliot • The Waste Land

  24. Famous Writers • F. Scott Fitzgerald: The Great Gatsby • Edna St. Vincent Millay: wrote poetry celebrating life of independence & freedom. • Ernest Hemingway: The Sun Also Rises

  25. Writers

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